Leo, Has there been any consideration of breeding the resistance genes from Chinese citrus into American commercial citrus through conventional (cis-genic) breeding? Granted, the high tech way is generally fastest assuming there is sufficient financial incentive to pay for the testing or otherwise incentivize government agencies, but there are still major emotional objections to trans-genics. Tim Leo wrote: it is thought it was introduced to Miami from China. Current thinking is that the US citrus industry will only be saved by genetically engineering citrus to be resistant to the bacterium.