In response to Ken Hixon's comments: I'm sorry I did not make it clear that I was not talking about material raised from seed. Because I mentioned Griffiths recently in the context of his lilies-from-seed activities, it's easy to see how someone might have made the connection. No, I was talking about his use of clonal Dutch cultivars as foundation stocks. Ken also wrote " but my assumption is that he was trying to develop varieties better adapted to american growing conditions, and raised much of his stock from seed." Griffiths both raised from seed and propagated vegetatively. The cultivars he used were the then standard Dutch cultivars/clones. I'm not aware of any effort by him to raise new cultivars from seed of tulips or even daffodils. Griffiths was focused on what the market wanted, and what the market wanted was Dutch bulbs. Ken probably has not seen the material I have at hand - two nicely bound, thick volumes of Griffiths' publications for the USDA. These document in sometimes surprising detail the activities of the work at Bellingham and elsewhere. One title in particular I want to mention: Bulbs from Seed. This is a 32 page pamphlet describing Griffiths' experiences in raising bulbs from seed. It's a good introduction to the process for anyone starting out with this activity. I've started to scan this pamphlet, and when I finish I'll post it on my web site for everyone to see. The scanning will go slowly because the pamphlet is tightly bound in its volume. Jim McKenney Montgomery County, Maryland, USA, USDA zone 7, where temperatures up into the 50s are predicted for today.