Jane McGary wrote: > > First, during periods of heavy snow rabbits invaded the bulb frames > and chewed off the emerging foliage This > won't kill the plants, but it will certainly set them back. Since the > nutrients the plants draw from the soil (i.e., the fertilizer) must > be converted to stored food by photosynthesis -- a physiological > process that occurs in the leaves -- it seems that applying > fertilizer to plants that lack a normal amount of foliage is > unproductive. Is it actually harmful? > > Second, it has been colder than average all winter. Usually I'd be > applying the second of three spring "feeds" right now. But does the > cold temperature mean that the plants will not be growing as actively I don't claim to have "professional" knowledge of this, but some comments: Foliage damaged early in the growing cycle can be/will be replaced. The plants involved may "stay green" longer than usual. Roots grow ahead of the foliage, and usually absorb nutrients that are stored in the roots and stems before there is foliage to complete the process of converting it to plant matter. Roots of many bulbs grow through the winter, and as foliage is forming they are primarily absorbing water to "push" the foliage and flower stems, which are already formed, often/usually by or shortly after the plant went "dormant" the previous summer. A typical growth cycle is for nutrients to be used for current growth until the first bud starts to expand, then the nutrients get "switched" to producing next years' plant, in bulbs if a bulbous plant, but in the roots of typical herbaceous plants, and to some extent even in the stems of woody plants. Air and soil temperatures differ, and even when we have a miserable winter above ground, the soil temperature a foot underground, where the roots are, remains relatively stable and the roots are doing their thing even if there is ice, snow, etc. Above ground growth may be delayed, but the roots are doing their thing unless the ground is frozen and there is no free water. We may not be comfortable at 40 F., but many plant roots find that temperature appropriate for growth. Every plant and every garden is different, but to be honest, I worry more about excess rainfall washing nutrients out of the soil, especially in pots. Well, that's how I see it. Ken