From jwaddick@kc.rr.com Fri, 01 Feb 2019 06:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <0E57A5D4-6F13-48C1-B482-03370D1FE13D@kc.rr.com> From: James Waddick Subject: "Nerine" identification Date: Fri, 1 Feb 2019 07:40:13 -0600 Dear Mike and all, Yes the foliage does look quite a bit like L. radiata, but not conclusive from a single pic and without flowers. It is not likely you will get flowers growing these in a pot. Lycoris rarely bloom potted. On the other hand you are right at the brink of hardiness for that species where you live. This Polar Vortex year would probably kill most planted outdoors without a LOT of protection. You might get bloom if you move this clump to a MUCH larger tub - wider AND deeper, but that’s a lot of space in a greenhouse where space is always at a premium. Good luck Jim W. On Jan 31, 2019, at 5:26 PM, Michael Kent wrote: I received these bulbs (see the picture attached) from a friend a few years ago. He identified them as "some Nerine, I don't remember which." I had seen his bulbs blooming previously, but, that was before I got amaryllid fever, and all I really remember about the bloom is it was small, red and Nerine-like. I have been waiting for my bulbs to bloom so that I could identify the specific Nerine, but have had no blooms. I recently saw a specimen of Lycoris radiata at a local conservatory, and realized that the foliage looked just like my "Nerine." The posted picture of the plant blooming fit with what I remember of the plant's bloom. Are there Nerine's that have a lighter green leaf midrib, or is that more typical of the Lycoris family. I'm suspecting the identification as Nerine is incorrect because, over this past summer, he had some Hymenocallis narcissiflora in bloom, and also identified it as "some Nerine." Thanks for any input. Mike In the frozen Finger Lakes area, Zone 6A, where it is currently 7 degrees, and dropping... -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: 17_14_42.jpg Type: image/jpeg Size: 242746 bytes Desc: not available URL: _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs Dr. James Waddick 8871 NW Brostrom Rd Kansas City, MO 64152-2711 USA Phone 816-746-1949 _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From randysgarden@gmail.com Mon, 04 Feb 2019 17:17:01 -0800 Message-Id: From: "Randall P. Linke" Subject: Hot pots - cool roots Date: Mon, 4 Feb 2019 16:53:32 -0800 Our backyard had a very ugly concrete wall that is 10 feet long whose only purpose appears to be preventing the ground from eroding out from under the foundation of the neighbors garage. I built a stepped platform using cedar fence boards for the facing that holds four rows of 5.5 inch/14cm square pots, and enclosed it with hardware cloth with a front and top hinged panels to keep the squirrels, birds, large leaves and occasional cat out. The pots rest below the level of the wood frame in front so they are protected from the worst effects of the sun and the cool air space below helps as well during the summer to keep them from overheating. I had pulled the more tender plants into our basement for the cold snap that was forecast for today and tomorrow that was to be around 28°F/-2°C. The second picture shows the snow from last night and today, forecast as a dusting. Our temperature is actually 20°F/-6.5°C at 4:00 PM today when I returned home from work. Too late to do anything but hope for the best, but many have survived worse. On Sun, Jan 27, 2019 at 6:49 AM David Pilling wrote: > Hi Shmuel, > > On 27/01/2019 14:15, Shmuel Silinsky wrote: > > Any other ideas are greatly appreciated. > PBS wiki "white pots are cooler than black" > > > https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/ContainerCultureTemperature > > > > -- > David Pilling > www.davidpilling.com > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > -- -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: Seedling young bulb bed2.jpg Type: image/jpeg Size: 244204 bytes Desc: not available URL: -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: Seedling young bulb bed1.jpg Type: image/jpeg Size: 384357 bytes Desc: not available URL: _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From kenttoto@gmail.com Tue, 05 Feb 2019 07:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: Michael Kent Subject: "Nerine" identification Date: Tue, 5 Feb 2019 09:41:44 -0500 Paul & Jim, Thank you for your responses. I'm going to treat the bulbs as if they are Lycoris radiata until I can confirm the ID with some blooms (hopefully). I don't think I can safely grow them outside. Our average winter temperature may put us in Zone 6a, but we usually have a week or more of sub- or near-zero temperatures every month over the winter. Especially when the Polar Vortex starts roaming. Paul, the Nerine site looks interesting. I will be visiting it often, I'm sure. Mike Zone 6A, Finger Lakes area, where we went from near-zero on Friday to a record-breaking 63 degrees yesterday. _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From jamesamckenney@verizon.net Tue, 05 Feb 2019 07:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <257560778.3306143.1549379198680@mail.yahoo.com> From: Jim McKenney Subject: "Nerine" identification Date: Tue, 5 Feb 2019 15:06:38 +0000 (UTC) Mike, why not try planting some of them directly into whatever medium fills the greenhouse benches? That would give the roots freedom to roam.  Jim McKenneyMontgomery County, Maryland,  USA, USDA zone 7, where Galanthus elwesii is blooming in the lawn - only a couple of days after morning lows around 5 degrees F. The plants in bloom were in bloom before the severe drop, covered with light snow. 65 degrees F is predicted for today!   pbs Info Page | | | | pbs Info Page | | | _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From jwaddick@kc.rr.com Tue, 05 Feb 2019 10:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: James Waddick Subject: "Nerine" identification Date: Tue, 5 Feb 2019 11:19:55 -0600 Mike, You are pshing their limits in the Finger lakes, but in a protected spot and mulched they might do OK. They do not need full sun, but under deciduous trees they get winter sun on foliage that is enough. They generally do not flower well in pots, but can suceed in large tubs in a cool GH. Best of luck. Jim W. On Feb 5, 2019, at 8:41 AM, Michael Kent wrote: Paul & Jim, Thank you for your responses. I'm going to treat the bulbs as if they are Lycoris radiata until I can confirm the ID with some blooms (hopefully). I don't think I can safely grow them outside. Our average winter temperature may put us in Zone 6a, but we usually have a week or more of sub- or near-zero temperatures every month over the winter. Especially when the Polar Vortex starts roaming. Paul, the Nerine site looks interesting. I will be visiting it often, I'm sure. Mike Zone 6A, Finger Lakes area, where we went from near-zero on Friday to a record-breaking 63 degrees yesterday. _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs Dr. James Waddick 8871 NW Brostrom Rd Kansas City, MO 64152-2711 USA Phone 816-746-1949 _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From jamesamckenney@verizon.net Tue, 05 Feb 2019 13:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <1232542967.3553235.1549400965201@mail.yahoo.com> From: Jim McKenney Subject: Summer in February Date: Tue, 5 Feb 2019 21:09:25 +0000 (UTC) The temperature today has so far reached 70° F. /21° C.Winter aconites, Eranthis hyemalis, are open - the earliest ever in this garden, where they are usually later than in some other local gardens. Garden snowdrops are beginning to open here and there - these are mostly various Galanthus elwesii accessions, although other groups have buds up. Winter jasmine, Jasminum nudiflorum,  was blooming before the big temperature drop, but most of its blooms froze. But already a few replacement blooms have opened. A fruiting basidiomycete has appeared on a compost heap. The compost at the base of the mushroom felt warm. Hamamelis 'Jelena' and 'Birgit' are blooming. The big surprise today is right near the front door: a 4'-5' black rat snake is sunning itself right out in the open beside the front steps!  The same snake was seen several times last fall and into early winter. Jim McKenneyMontgomery County, Maryland, USA, USDA zone 7, although today's conditions remind me of winter in Florida.    _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From kenttoto@gmail.com Tue, 05 Feb 2019 14:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Michael Kent Subject: "Nerine" identification Date: Tue, 5 Feb 2019 16:20:12 -0500 Jim & Jim, Jim McKenney - My greenhouse is currently a figment of my imagination. All the plants are stashed in the cool basement under grow-lights for the winter. Although, I'm in the process of building a walled-in (low wall) patio area near the beach. Maybe I could make a "cover" that would allow me to create a walipini-type greenhouse for the winter. The area gets mostly full sun during the winter (on days we have sun anyway). Jim Waddick - There are (now) 6 bulbs in the pot. When I repot into a larger pot at some point this summer, maybe I'll try putting two in the ground. There's an appropriate sheltered area near the patio. What kind of mulching would you recommend? A single thicker layer of shredded bark, or would a two-layer mulch of straw covered with bark be better? Mike, Zone 6a Finger Lakes, where the temperature has steadily dropped today, and we're now back to 30 degrees. Tomorrow will be 30-40 with ice/rain, but Thursday should be back up to 55 (for a day). _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From jamesamckenney@verizon.net Tue, 05 Feb 2019 14:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <460441548.3588096.1549404091277@mail.yahoo.com> From: Jim McKenney Subject: Walipini greenhouse Date: Tue, 5 Feb 2019 22:01:31 +0000 (UTC) Mike, thanks so much for using the word "walipini". It was new to me, but when I Googled it I got a page which for starters shows an old fashioned pit greenhouse. This is exactly what I'm getting ready to build here (I've already bought the Plexiglas panels). I've had amazing (to me, anyway) results using a carefully sited  traditional cold frame. A pit house should make lots of other things possible. Jim McKenney _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From mike.lowitz@gmail.com Tue, 05 Feb 2019 16:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Mike Subject: Blooming in San Diego today Date: Tue, 5 Feb 2019 14:22:10 -0800 Hello All, We have had a welcome 4 days of rain in SoCal....don’t let the news reports fool you we need and I hope enjoy every drop. Today between showers I thought I give you all a little your of what’s blooming in my yard. Up first an early blooming pink lapageria rosea. One of several lachenalia that was part of one of our bulb exchanges....it’s labeled but began to pour down rain after I took this and has not let up. One of my massonia that the tag has faded the writing... Fuchsia Boliviana next up....and then two bulbs that divide and bloom I purchased from Diane a couple years back. Scadoxus Multiflorus and a vigorous Veltheimia Bracteata. Grateful to the group for what you all have shared over the couple years I’ve been a member. Mike -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: IMG_1264.jpg Type: image/jpeg Size: 1399657 bytes Desc: not available URL: -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: IMG_1261.jpg Type: image/jpeg Size: 1692264 bytes Desc: not available URL: _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From jamesamckenney@verizon.net Wed, 06 Feb 2019 06:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <1546562517.3946653.1549462208403@mail.yahoo.com> From: Jim McKenney Subject: keeping pots cool Date: Wed, 6 Feb 2019 14:10:08 +0000 (UTC) We had a discussion recently about the problems associated with the exposure of potted plants to sunlight: the side of the pot exposed to the sun can heat up dangerously. Something called (among other things) a zeer pot might help solve this problem - at least in hot, dry climates. Take a look at these links: zeer pot A Practical Zeer Pot (evaporative Cooler / Non-electrical Refrigerator) Pot-in-pot refrigerator Mohammed Bah Abba And His Pot-in-Pot Jim McKenneyMontgomery County, Maryland, USA, USDA zone 7, where there has been a noticeable increase in bird song.  _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From jamesamckenney@verizon.net Wed, 06 Feb 2019 07:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <1951300343.3955669.1549463153155@mail.yahoo.com> From: Jim McKenney Subject: keeping pots cool Date: Wed, 6 Feb 2019 14:25:53 +0000 (UTC) Sorry, the links disappeared. Here they are; A Practical Zeer Pot (evaporative Cooler / Non-electrical Refrigerator) | | | | | | | | | | | A Practical Zeer Pot (evaporative Cooler / Non-electrical Refrigerator) A Practical Zeer Pot (evaporative Cooler / Non-electrical Refrigerator): A zeer pot is an evaporative cooler use... | | | Pot-in-pot refrigerator | | | | | | | | | | | Pot-in-pot refrigerator There is some evidence that evaporative cooling was used as early as the Old Kingdom of Egypt, around 2500 B.C. ... | | | Mohammed Bah Abba And His Pot-in-Pot | | | | | | | | | | | Mohammed Bah Abba And His Pot-in-Pot So what's modern+green about a couple of terracotta pots? Nothing and everything. The oldest known African earth... | | | Jim McKenney On Wednesday, February 6, 2019, 9:10:24 AM EST, Jim McKenney wrote: We had a discussion recently about the problems associated with the exposure of potted plants to sunlight: the side of the pot exposed to the sun can heat up dangerously. Something called (among other things) a zeer pot might help solve this problem - at least in hot, dry climates. Take a look at these links: zeer pot A Practical Zeer Pot (evaporative Cooler / Non-electrical Refrigerator) Pot-in-pot refrigerator Mohammed Bah Abba And His Pot-in-Pot Jim McKenneyMontgomery County, Maryland, USA, USDA zone 7, where there has been a noticeable increase in bird song.  _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From jwaddick@kc.rr.com Wed, 06 Feb 2019 09:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: James Waddick Subject: Walipini greenhouse - a bit off topic Date: Wed, 6 Feb 2019 10:30:31 -0600 Jim and all, (especially midwesterners) Here’s an interesting video about ‘semi-commercial" orange growing in Nebraska that could easily be altered to grow any of a variety of tropical and sub tropical plants. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZD_3_gsgsnk&t=762s Jim W. On Feb 5, 2019, at 4:01 PM, Jim McKenney wrote: Mike, thanks so much for using the word "walipini". It was new to me, but when I Googled it I got a page which for starters shows an old fashioned pit greenhouse. This is exactly what I'm getting ready to build here (I've already bought the Plexiglas panels). I've had amazing (to me, anyway) results using a carefully sited traditional cold frame. A pit house should make lots of other things possible. Jim McKenney _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs Dr. James Waddick 8871 NW Brostrom Rd Kansas City, MO 64152-2711 USA Phone 816-746-1949 _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From vkmyrick@pacbell.net Wed, 06 Feb 2019 10:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <3C839DFC-A6A7-45B8-A4B1-5886FE916F68@pacbell.net> From: Jack and Val Subject: keeping pots cool Date: Wed, 6 Feb 2019 09:24:37 -0800 Pictures did not come through for me on my Mac. Val Myrick > On Feb 6, 2019, at 6:25 AM, Jim McKenney wrote: > > Sorry, the links disappeared. Here they are; > A Practical Zeer Pot (evaporative Cooler / Non-electrical Refrigerator) > > > | > | > | > | | | > > | > > | > | > | | > A Practical Zeer Pot (evaporative Cooler / Non-electrical Refrigerator) > > A Practical Zeer Pot (evaporative Cooler / Non-electrical Refrigerator): A zeer pot is an evaporative cooler use... > | > > | > > | > > Pot-in-pot refrigerator > > > | > | > | > | | | > > | > > | > | > | | > Pot-in-pot refrigerator > > There is some evidence that evaporative cooling was used as early as the Old Kingdom of Egypt, around 2500 B.C. ... > | > > | > > | > > > Mohammed Bah Abba And His Pot-in-Pot > > > | > | > | > | | | > > | > > | > | > | | > Mohammed Bah Abba And His Pot-in-Pot > > So what's modern+green about a couple of terracotta pots? Nothing and everything. The oldest known African earth... > | > > | > > | > > > Jim McKenney > > > > > > > > > On Wednesday, February 6, 2019, 9:10:24 AM EST, Jim McKenney wrote: > > We had a discussion recently about the problems associated with the exposure of potted plants to sunlight: the side of the pot exposed to the sun can heat up dangerously. Something called (among other things) a zeer pot might help solve this problem - at least in hot, dry climates. Take a look at these links: > zeer pot A Practical Zeer Pot (evaporative Cooler / Non-electrical Refrigerator) > > Pot-in-pot refrigerator > > Mohammed Bah Abba And His Pot-in-Pot > > Jim McKenneyMontgomery County, Maryland, USA, USDA zone 7, where there has been a noticeable increase in bird song. > > > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net Wed, 06 Feb 2019 10:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <488711639.7548404.1549475573613@mail.yahoo.com> From: Brian Whyer via pbs Subject: keeping pots cool Date: Wed, 6 Feb 2019 17:52:53 +0000 (UTC) -------------------------------------------- On Wed, 6/2/19, Jack and Val wrote: Subject: Re: [pbs] keeping pots cool To: "Pacific Bulb Society" Date: Wednesday, 6 February, 2019, 17:24 Pictures did not come through for me on my Mac. Val Myrick Me neither Val. Cut and paste the relevant text into Google at let it find it for you. Brian, UK _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From vkmyrick@pacbell.net Wed, 06 Feb 2019 13:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <488E239F-8320-44A9-A3AF-A946EA43E5CA@pacbell.net> From: Jack and Val Subject: keeping pots cool Date: Wed, 6 Feb 2019 12:53:10 -0800 Great suggestion. Thanks, Brian. Val > On Feb 6, 2019, at 9:52 AM, Brian Whyer via pbs wrote: > > > -------------------------------------------- > On Wed, 6/2/19, Jack and Val wrote: > > Subject: Re: [pbs] keeping pots cool > To: "Pacific Bulb Society" > Date: Wednesday, 6 February, 2019, 17:24 > > Pictures did not come through for > me on my Mac. > > Val Myrick > > > > Me neither Val. Cut and paste the relevant text into Google at let it find it for you. > > Brian, UK > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From makimoff76@gmail.com Thu, 07 Feb 2019 10:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: mark akimoff Subject: Evolution of geophytes? Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 09:28:45 -0800 Hello, I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution of geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on the evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and subterranean ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing herds across elevational gradients. Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of geophytes as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort of thing. Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! Thanks, Mark Akimoff illahe Salem, Oregon _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From giantcoreopsis@gmail.com Thu, 07 Feb 2019 12:17:04 -0800 Message-Id: From: Giant Coreopsis Subject: Evolution of geophytes? Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 10:26:04 -0800 I have a slim-ish volume called “The evolution of plants” by Willis and McElwain. I can send you snapshots of the table of contents / index in a private message if you’re interested. On Feb 7, 2019, at 9:28 AM, mark akimoff wrote: Hello, I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution of geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on the evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and subterranean ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing herds across elevational gradients. Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of geophytes as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort of thing. Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! Thanks, Mark Akimoff illahe Salem, Oregon _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From makimoff76@gmail.com Thu, 07 Feb 2019 12:17:04 -0800 Message-Id: From: mark akimoff Subject: Evolution of geophytes? Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 10:30:25 -0800 Thanks, That would be great! I'm gathering all resources! Mark On Thu, Feb 7, 2019 at 10:26 AM Giant Coreopsis wrote: > I have a slim-ish volume called “The evolution of plants” by Willis and > McElwain. I can send you snapshots of the table of contents / index in a > private message if you’re interested. > > On Feb 7, 2019, at 9:28 AM, mark akimoff wrote: > > Hello, > > I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution of > geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) > outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of > it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on the > evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and subterranean > ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall > blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing > herds across elevational gradients. > > Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, > theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of geophytes > as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like > zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort of > thing. > > Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! > > Thanks, > Mark Akimoff > illahe > Salem, Oregon > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From janemcgary@earthlink.net Thu, 07 Feb 2019 12:17:04 -0800 Message-Id: From: Jane McGary Subject: Evolution of geophytes? Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 11:09:55 -0800 The ways in which bulbs multiply often seem to be adaptations to environmental conditions. For instance, the production of numerous tiny, loosely attached offsets (such as "rice grains" in some Fritillaria) is often associated with predation by digging animals such as bears and humans (e.g., consumers of Fritillaria camtschatcensis, Brodiaea californica, Camassia). The interesting bulb of Lilium pardalinum, which is elongated with very numerous scales, may reflect its typical habitat near mountain streams, where the bulb might be dislodged and distributed in spring. In both cases, the forms that bore many viable bulblets or scales would tend over time to dominate the population. Mark mentions Crocus and its subterranean ovary. You can tell when crocuses are ready to have their seed harvested because the capsule rather suddenly rises above soil level on a stem, so that the seeds will scatter. In nature one usually sees crocuses growing as scattered individuals, not the tight clonal clusters found in cultivation -- perhaps a respnse to burrowing predators. Jane McGary, Portland, Oregon, USAOn 2/7/2019 10:30 AM, mark akimoff wrote: > On Feb 7, 2019, at 9:28 AM, mark akimoff wrote: >> Hello, >> >> I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution of >> geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) >> outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of >> it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on the >> evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and subterranean >> ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall >> blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing >> herds across elevational gradients. >> >> Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, >> theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of geophytes >> as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like >> zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort of >> thing. >> >> Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! >> >> Thanks, >> Mark Akimoff >> illahe >> Salem, Oregon >> _______________________________________________ >> pbs mailing list >> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net >> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs >> _______________________________________________ >> pbs mailing list >> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net >> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs >> > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From tselias@msn.com Thu, 07 Feb 2019 12:17:04 -0800 Message-Id: From: Tom Elias Subject: Evolution of geophytes? Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 19:16:55 +0000 Mark: You may also want to investigate the presence of toxic secondary compounds such as alkaloids in geophytes. I know for example that Irises are abundant in the extensive steppes of Siberia. This is a major location for the evolution of large herbivores. Tulips are also found here along with other bulbous plants. I know that Irises are loaded with alkaloids and poisonous to gracing animals. But, I do not know about the toxicity of Tulips and other bulbous plants found there. This is one of several mechanisms that plants have developed to successfully compete and survive. Tom ________________________________ From: pbs on behalf of mark akimoff Sent: Thursday, February 7, 2019 9:28 AM To: Pacific Bulb Society Subject: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? Hello, I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution of geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on the evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and subterranean ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing herds across elevational gradients. Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of geophytes as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort of thing. Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! Thanks, Mark Akimoff illahe Salem, Oregon _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Flists.pacificbulbsociety.net%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Fpbs&data=02%7C01%7C%7C5f3d26df01764a299e7808d68d21c022%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636851573429003909&sdata=M8YQreGRV77XSbT2HhtMlQzzIDA1lTHM4%2BWjUwurpqA%3D&reserved=0 _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From jamesamckenney@verizon.net Thu, 07 Feb 2019 13:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <183874394.4843201.1549571375389@mail.yahoo.com> From: Jim McKenney Subject: Evolution of geophytes? Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 20:29:35 +0000 (UTC) Note that the ovaries of most (or all?) colchicums and crocuses are underground at bloom time and in colchicums the ovary is raised up above the surface within the foliage as it develops. In most crocuses, the seed capsule is pushed up out of the ground when the seeds are ripe. Among crocuses, Crocus korolkowii produces seed capsules which remain underground. Jim McKenneyMontgomery County, Maryland, USA, USDA zone 7, where the first of the late winter crocuses might appear any day now.  bulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs | | | | pbs Info Page | | | _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From dkramb@badbear.com Thu, 07 Feb 2019 13:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Dennis Kramb Subject: Asarum canadense sun tolerance Date: Thu, 07 Feb 2019 15:49:02 -0500 Near my property line I have cultivated a lovely and large patch of Asarum canadense in the shade of my neighbors pine trees.  The first plants originally appeared all on their own about twenty years ago.  New neighbors have seen fit to chop all those trees down last week (at the peak of the polar vortex no less). So now the plants are in full sun. Is a shade screen necessary for them to survive? Dennis in Cincinnati _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From jgglatt@gmail.com Thu, 07 Feb 2019 14:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <9590ddc9-8940-a53f-b289-62346413a9c6@gmail.com> From: Judy Glattstein Subject: Small World Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 16:42:16 -0500 The small world and making connections. I looked up walipini. The entry mentioned that the term refers to an earth-sheltered cold frame. It derives its name from the Aymaran languages. My brother did his doctoral research in the Peruvian Andes lo these many years ago. He learned both Quechua and Aymara languages. So of course I asked him about this. His reply: "Wali- is an Aymara root that means 'good.' Waliskiw means, things are good. Not sure about the -pini suffix. The cab driver that my brother and his wife had back from JFK was a Bolivian, grew up with Quechua-speaking parents, still knows it. He said he'd never had a Quechua-speaking customer before in his 35 years of driving. " Where were they coming back from? He had been at a conference in Durban. His wife came along. After the conference they took a long week in Cape Town, went to Kirstenbosh, up Table Mountain, etc. Most of the pictures he sent to me (taken with his iPhone) are not of interest to me and you. Here are three that make the cut. I'm pretty sure about the scadoxus. And is watsonia correct? Judy in NJ where the living history farm is scheduled to start tapping sugar maples this Saturday. And I've seen two different flocks of robins. -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: In South Africa_2019-02_Scadoxus.jpg Type: image/jpeg Size: 184234 bytes Desc: not available URL: -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: On Table Mountain_2019-02_Watsonia.jpg Type: image/jpeg Size: 177881 bytes Desc: not available URL: -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: On Table Mountain_2019-02_Watsonia closeup.jpg Type: image/jpeg Size: 162938 bytes Desc: not available URL: _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From suncoastpearl@gmail.com Thu, 07 Feb 2019 14:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: suncoastpearl Subject: Asarum canadense sun tolerance Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 14:10:34 -0800 This from a UK site that sells it as a ground cover: Asarum canadense – Wild Ginger. (Asarum acuminatum) A lovely little spreader for shade. The kidney shaped leaves are a fresh apple green and covered in minute hairs, giving the surface a silky sheen. One of the most adaptable and tolerant of the Asarum, tolerating drought, moist sites and alkalinity with equal ease. Deciduous and very hardy. This from "Plants of Coastal British Columbia" the absolutely BEST reference for wild plants as well as ethno-botany of the coast from Oregon to Alaska: Asarum canadense/Asarum caudatum - wild ginger, ecology notes -- rich bottomlands, moist, shaded forests, frequently in thick leaf mould that partly hides the flowers; common at low to middle elevations. The real key seems to be moisture at ground level, and leaf mould or moss. In my many forest walks I've stands of it in both sun and deep shade, or in the sunny verges at the edge of conifer stands, so sun part of the day. BUT it ALWAYS has moist feet, never bare soil, and always grows up through a mossy or leaf-littered/conifer needle-littered ground. Jo-Ann Canning Vancouver Island On Thu, 7 Feb 2019 at 12:49, Dennis Kramb wrote: > Near my property line I have cultivated a lovely and large patch of Asarum > canadense in the shade of my neighbors pine trees. The first plants > originally appeared all on their own about twenty years ago. > New neighbors have seen fit to chop all those trees down last week (at the > peak of the polar vortex no less). So now the plants are in full sun. > Is a shade screen necessary for them to survive? > Dennis in Cincinnati > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From jane@deskhenge.com Thu, 07 Feb 2019 17:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Jane Sargent Subject: geophytes Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 19:23:32 -0500 Some plants can be geophytes if conditions are awful enough. I remember large (12-ft wide) birch trees in Greenland that had only their cute little leaves and catkins exposed but otherwise lived underground. They were just circles where there were little leaves. I imagine some of these may be ancient. Jane Sargent _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From plantboy@gmail.com Thu, 07 Feb 2019 18:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Cody H Subject: Small World Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 17:23:12 -0800 Looks like Watsonia tabularis to me. On Thu, Feb 7, 2019 at 1:42 PM Judy Glattstein wrote: > The small world and making connections. > > I looked up walipini. The entry mentioned that the term refers to an > earth-sheltered cold frame. It derives its name from the Aymaran languages. > > My brother did his doctoral research in the Peruvian Andes lo these many > years ago. He learned both Quechua and Aymara languages. So of course I > asked him about this. > > His reply: > "Wali- is an Aymara root that means 'good.' Waliskiw means, things are > good. Not sure about the -pini suffix. The cab driver that my brother > and his wife had back from JFK was a Bolivian, grew up with > Quechua-speaking parents, still knows it. He said he'd never had a > Quechua-speaking customer before in his 35 years of driving. " > > Where were they coming back from? He had been at a conference in Durban. > His wife came along. After the conference they took a long week in Cape > Town, went to Kirstenbosh, up Table Mountain, etc. Most of the pictures > he sent to me (taken with his iPhone) are not of interest to me and you. > Here are three that make the cut. I'm pretty sure about the scadoxus. > And is watsonia correct? > > Judy in NJ where the living history farm is scheduled to start tapping > sugar maples this Saturday. And I've seen two different flocks of robins. > > > -------------- next part -------------- > A non-text attachment was scrubbed... > Name: In South Africa_2019-02_Scadoxus.jpg > Type: image/jpeg > Size: 184234 bytes > Desc: not available > URL: < > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/pipermail/pbs/attachments/20190207/85821070/attachment.jpg > > > -------------- next part -------------- > A non-text attachment was scrubbed... > Name: On Table Mountain_2019-02_Watsonia.jpg > Type: image/jpeg > Size: 177881 bytes > Desc: not available > URL: < > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/pipermail/pbs/attachments/20190207/85821070/attachment-0001.jpg > > > -------------- next part -------------- > A non-text attachment was scrubbed... > Name: On Table Mountain_2019-02_Watsonia closeup.jpg > Type: image/jpeg > Size: 162938 bytes > Desc: not available > URL: < > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/pipermail/pbs/attachments/20190207/85821070/attachment-0002.jpg > > > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From drsiriatma@gmail.com Thu, 07 Feb 2019 21:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Siri Atma S Khalsa Subject: keeping pots cool Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 21:09:51 -0800 I use several methods to keep pots cool. First I use a soil temperature thermometer to measure temp in pots. Second, if I am going to keep the plant in a pot for a long time (a year or more), I use a paint primer and paint the pot white (I don't worry about the top lip as that is above the soil). Most of the time I find a black pot painted white pot stays less than 85 F, usually 75 F (where I live day temps run 65 winter to 95 in summer). Bigger pots benefit more from white paint. For smaller pots, I cut pieces of 1/2" ply in 8 ft lengths (5' lengths for the green house benches). I either lean them up against a line of 1 gallon or 2 gallon pots, or I screw a tap on each end that will go under a pot to hold the board upright. The ply is nice because it isn't that wide and stores easily. In the winter, the black pots are actually nice, to keep the soil warmer. My passiflora love a warm, moist pot and will die in a cold, wet pot. I also have 4 areas for pots. Two receive morning sun, one is against a south wall by a pool, one is on the north side of a wall. I also have a 50% shaded area which has a drop shade on the south side for the winter sun that sneaks in under the shade. I just leave the soil thermometer in a test pot in the warmest, easily visible area and that tells me when I need to start moving pots around. I start moving once I see 80 F. Sounds like a lot of work, but I often have up to 2,000 4" through 15 gallon pots. When I paint the pots I use two coats with a brush (primer re-coats virtually instantly). Spray paint is not better and costs more. By using a primer, if the paint scratches off, I just touch it up. _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From wahoffma@ncsu.edu Fri, 08 Feb 2019 04:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: William Hoffmann Subject: Evolution of geophytes? Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2019 05:44:12 -0500 >Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, >theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of geophytes >as a curriculum? I find the evolution of geophytes fascinating because it is evident that the growth form has evolved independently in so many distantly related groups of plants. There is an interesting paper by Proches et al (2006) examining this issue for Cape geophytes: https://academic.oup.com/biolinnean/article/87/1/27/2691597. Because the geophyte habit has originate so many times it is an excellent example of convergent evolution. Not only has the geophyte habit arisen multple times, but also each the specific kinds of structures (bulbs, corms, tubers) have arisen many times. When similar structures evolve independently in multiple groups of plants in response to similar environmental conditions, it provides quite strong evidence of the role of natural selection. Best of luck! Bill _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From jgglatt@gmail.com Fri, 08 Feb 2019 06:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Judy Glattstein Subject: Followup Email Arrived First Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2019 09:01:46 -0500 I receive e-mails as a digest rather than individually. Interestingly, the digest with Cody's good i.d. of the watsonia has arrived. But I have not yet received the presumably previous digest with my original message. Judy in gray and gloomy New Jersey, with rain rather than snow _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From david@davidpilling.com Fri, 08 Feb 2019 07:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <7ba5e72e-9e7f-9137-b7ef-6b5bb9926979@davidpilling.com> From: David Pilling Subject: Followup Email Arrived First Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2019 14:30:11 +0000 Hi Judy, On 08/02/2019 14:01, Judy Glattstein wrote: > I receive e-mails as a digest rather than individually. Interestingly, > the digest with Cody's good i.d. of the watsonia has arrived. But I have > not yet received the presumably previous digest with my original message. Everyone on gmail can help themselves get emails more reliably by whitelisting the PBS posts. Google: gmail whitelist email The same applies to other systems. Digest Vol 24 no. 6 was sent out, I got a copy, but it did not appear here until 21:42 GMT/UTC, having been generated at 12:00 GMT/UTC. Digests are sent at least once a day at 12:00 GMT/UTC. I should look into why once in a while digests are slow to appear. There is always the possibility that some innocuous phrase will trigger spam filters. -- David Pilling www.davidpilling.com _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From eciton@utexas.edu Fri, 08 Feb 2019 08:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Monica Swartz Subject: Evolution of geophytes? Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2019 09:59:52 -0600 Another important factor for geophyte evolution are adaptations to exploit expansive/contractive clay soils. The root destructive characteristics of these soils excludes competitors for geophytes with seasonal roots. Places with these clays can be "islands" of geophyte endemism, i.e. the "Willow soils" of Riverside Co. California. monica _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From george_stewart@bigpond.com Fri, 08 Feb 2019 14:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: GEORGE STEWART Subject: Geophytes Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 08:20:58 +1100 (AEDT) An old but useful book is Tuberous Cormous Bulbs by John Pate and Kingsley Dixon; Publisher:UWA Publishing, 1982 It covers Western Australian species but most of the information can be generalised to species from other parts of the world. George Stewart ------ Original Message ------ From: pbs-request@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net Sent: Friday, 8 Feb, 2019 At 8:42 AM Subject: pbs Digest, Vol 24, Issue 6 Send pbs mailing list submissions to pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to pbs-request@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net You can reach the person managing the list at pbs-owner@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific than "Re: Contents of pbs digest..." List-Post: To: Pacific Bulb Society Subject: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? Message-ID: Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Hello, I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution of geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on the evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and subterranean ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing herds across elevational gradients. Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of geophytes as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort of thing. Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! Thanks, Mark Akimoff illahe Salem, Oregon ------------------------------ Message: 2 Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 10:26:04 -0800 From: Giant Coreopsis To: Pacific Bulb Society Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? Message-ID: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 I have a slim-ish volume called ?The evolution of plants? by Willis and McElwain. I can send you snapshots of the table of contents / index in a private message if you?re interested. On Feb 7, 2019, at 9:28 AM, mark akimoff wrote: Hello, I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution of geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on the evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and subterranean ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing herds across elevational gradients. Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of geophytes as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort of thing. Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! Thanks, Mark Akimoff illahe Salem, Oregon _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs ------------------------------ Message: 3 Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 10:30:25 -0800 From: mark akimoff To: Pacific Bulb Society Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? Message-ID: Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Thanks, That would be great! I'm gathering all resources! Mark On Thu, Feb 7, 2019 at 10:26 AM Giant Coreopsis wrote: > I have a slim-ish volume called ?The evolution of plants? by Willis > and > McElwain. I can send you snapshots of the table of contents / index in > a > private message if you?re interested. > > On Feb 7, 2019, at 9:28 AM, mark akimoff wrote: > > Hello, > > I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the > evolution of > geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) > outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect > of > it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter > on the > evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and > subterranean > ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall > blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing > herds across elevational gradients. > > Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, > theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of > geophytes > as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues > like > zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that > sort of > thing. > > Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! > > Thanks, > Mark Akimoff > illahe > Salem, Oregon > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > ------------------------------ Message: 4 Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 11:09:55 -0800 From: Jane McGary To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? Message-ID: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed The ways in which bulbs multiply often seem to be adaptations to environmental conditions. For instance, the production of numerous tiny, loosely attached offsets (such as "rice grains" in some Fritillaria) is often associated with predation by digging animals such as bears and humans (e.g., consumers of Fritillaria camtschatcensis, Brodiaea californica, Camassia). The interesting bulb of Lilium pardalinum, which is elongated with very numerous scales, may reflect its typical habitat near mountain streams, where the bulb might be dislodged and distributed in spring. In both cases, the forms that bore many viable bulblets or scales would tend over time to dominate the population. Mark mentions Crocus and its subterranean ovary. You can tell when crocuses are ready to have their seed harvested because the capsule rather suddenly rises above soil level on a stem, so that the seeds will scatter. In nature one usually sees crocuses growing as scattered individuals, not the tight clonal clusters found in cultivation -- perhaps a respnse to burrowing predators. Jane McGary, Portland, Oregon, USAOn 2/7/2019 10:30 AM, mark akimoff wrote: > On Feb 7, 2019, at 9:28 AM, mark akimoff wrote: >> Hello, >> >> I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the >> evolution of >> geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and >> Math) >> outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect >> of >> it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter >> on the >> evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and >> subterranean >> ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall >> blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of >> grazing >> herds across elevational gradients. >> >> Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, >> theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of >> geophytes >> as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues >> like >> zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that >> sort of >> thing. >> >> Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! >> >> Thanks, >> Mark Akimoff >> illahe >> Salem, Oregon >> _______________________________________________ >> pbs mailing list >> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net >> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs >> _______________________________________________ >> pbs mailing list >> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net >> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs >> > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs ------------------------------ Message: 5 Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 19:16:55 +0000 From: Tom Elias To: Pacific Bulb Society Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? Message-ID: Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Mark: You may also want to investigate the presence of toxic secondary compounds such as alkaloids in geophytes. I know for example that Irises are abundant in the extensive steppes of Siberia. This is a major location for the evolution of large herbivores. Tulips are also found here along with other bulbous plants. I know that Irises are loaded with alkaloids and poisonous to gracing animals. But, I do not know about the toxicity of Tulips and other bulbous plants found there. This is one of several mechanisms that plants have developed to successfully compete and survive. Tom ________________________________ From: pbs on behalf of mark akimoff Sent: Thursday, February 7, 2019 9:28 AM To: Pacific Bulb Society Subject: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? Hello, I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution of geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on the evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and subterranean ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing herds across elevational gradients. Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of geophytes as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort of thing. Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! Thanks, Mark Akimoff illahe Salem, Oregon _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Flists.pacificbulbsociety.net%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Fpbs&data=02%7C01%7C%7C5f3d26df01764a299e7808d68d21c022%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636851573429003909&sdata=M8YQreGRV77XSbT2HhtMlQzzIDA1lTHM4%2BWjUwurpqA%3D&reserved=0 ------------------------------ Message: 6 Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 20:29:35 +0000 (UTC) From: Jim McKenney To: Pacific Bulb Society Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? Message-ID: <183874394.4843201.1549571375389@mail.yahoo.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Note that the ovaries of most (or all?) colchicums and crocuses are underground at bloom time and in colchicums the ovary is raised up above the surface within the foliage as it develops. In most crocuses, the seed capsule is pushed up out of the ground when the seeds are ripe.?Among crocuses, Crocus korolkowii produces seed capsules which remain underground.?Jim McKenneyMontgomery County, Maryland, USA, USDA zone 7, where the first of the late winter crocuses might appear any day now.? bulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs | | | | pbs Info Page | | | ------------------------------ Message: 7 Date: Thu, 07 Feb 2019 15:49:02 -0500 From: Dennis Kramb To: Pacific Bulb Society Subject: [pbs] Asarum canadense sun tolerance Message-ID: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Near my property line I have cultivated a lovely and large patch of Asarum canadense in the shade of my neighbors pine trees.? The first plants originally appeared all on their own about twenty years ago.? New neighbors have seen fit to chop all those trees down last week (at the peak of the polar vortex no less). So now the plants are in full sun. Is a shade screen necessary for them to survive? Dennis in Cincinnati ------------------------------ Message: 8 Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 16:42:16 -0500 From: Judy Glattstein To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net Subject: [pbs] Small World Message-ID: <9590ddc9-8940-a53f-b289-62346413a9c6@gmail.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"; Format="flowed" The small world and making connections. I looked up walipini. The entry mentioned that the term refers to an earth-sheltered cold frame. It derives its name from the Aymaran languages. My brother did his doctoral research in the Peruvian Andes lo these many years ago. He learned both Quechua and Aymara languages. So of course I asked him about this. His reply: "Wali- is an Aymara root that means 'good.' Waliskiw means, things are good. Not sure about the -pini suffix. The cab driver that my brother and his wife had back from JFK was a Bolivian, grew up with Quechua-speaking parents, still knows it. He said he'd never had a Quechua-speaking customer before in his 35 years of driving. " Where were they coming back from? He had been at a conference in Durban. His wife came along. After the conference they took a long week in Cape Town, went to Kirstenbosh, up Table Mountain, etc. Most of the pictures he sent to me (taken with his iPhone) are not of interest to me and you. Here are three that make the cut. I'm pretty sure about the scadoxus. And is watsonia correct? Judy in NJ where the living history farm is scheduled to start tapping sugar maples this Saturday. And I've seen two different flocks of robins. -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: In South Africa_2019-02_Scadoxus.jpg Type: image/jpeg Size: 184234 bytes Desc: not available URL: -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: On Table Mountain_2019-02_Watsonia.jpg Type: image/jpeg Size: 177881 bytes Desc: not available URL: -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: On Table Mountain_2019-02_Watsonia closeup.jpg Type: image/jpeg Size: 162938 bytes Desc: not available URL: ------------------------------ Subject: Digest Footer _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs ------------------------------ End of pbs Digest, Vol 24, Issue 6 ********************************** _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From r.c.weber@comcast.net Fri, 08 Feb 2019 14:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: RC Weber Subject: Asarum canadense sun tolerance Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2019 13:26:51 -0800 Dennis - I found the same recurring themes as Jo-Ann (some degree of shade and preferring a (usually leaf-mulched) moist soil) on the following sites - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asarum_canadense (says "in the understory of deciduous forest" which to me indicates shade/part shade areas with naturally-occurring leaf-mulch) http://www.missouriplants.com/Others/Asarum_canadense_page.html (says - "Wooded slopes, valleys, ravines, base of bluffs" again seems to indicate shade/part shade areas & probable natural mulch) http://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/woodland/plants/wild_ginger.htm (says - light shade) http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=b460 (says - part to full shade; tolerates heavy shade) Sounds like you may need to rig a shade cloth for this year while you look at what you can do on your side of the property line for the longer term. If I may suggest, if there's no room for trees (which are slower-growing anyways unless you put in willow), consider tall bushes which can tolerate being clear-trunk pruned around the bottom to give sufficient space for the asarum. Come to think of it, even with room for trees, you may want to put in bushes/shrubs for esthetic reasons either alone or with trees ... What's the view like for you? Interestingly, the PBS page says ... nothing ... eh? https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/Asarum Hope this helps, Cate Portland OR zone 8b West Coast - USA --- This email has been checked for viruses by AVG. https://www.avg.com _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From makimoff76@gmail.com Fri, 08 Feb 2019 14:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: mark akimoff Subject: Geophytes Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2019 13:34:36 -0800 Thanks everyone for the great brainstorming on the evolution of geophytes, soil types, presence or absence of toxic compounds, grazing pressure, digging and burrowing animals, environmental changes, etc. etc. all of these will make a great presentation topic and a way to introduce evolutionary adaptations to students in a STEM curriculum. Mark On Fri, Feb 8, 2019 at 1:21 PM GEORGE STEWART wrote: > An old but useful book is Tuberous Cormous Bulbs > > by John Pate and Kingsley Dixon; > > Publisher:UWA Publishing, 1982 > > It covers Western Australian species but most of the information can be > generalised to species from other parts of the world. > > George Stewart > > ------ Original Message ------ > From: pbs-request@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > Sent: Friday, 8 Feb, 2019 At 8:42 AM > Subject: pbs Digest, Vol 24, Issue 6 > > Send pbs mailing list submissions to > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to > pbs-request@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > You can reach the person managing the list at > pbs-owner@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific > than "Re: Contents of pbs digest..." > > > List-Post: List-Archive: > > Today's Topics: > > 1. Evolution of geophytes? (mark akimoff) > 2. Re: Evolution of geophytes? (Giant Coreopsis) > 3. Re: Evolution of geophytes? (mark akimoff) > 4. Re: Evolution of geophytes? (Jane McGary) > 5. Re: Evolution of geophytes? (Tom Elias) > 6. Re: Evolution of geophytes? (Jim McKenney) > 7. Asarum canadense sun tolerance (Dennis Kramb) > 8. Small World (Judy Glattstein) > > > ---------------------------------------------------------------------- > > Message: 1 > Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 09:28:45 -0800 > From: mark akimoff > To: Pacific Bulb Society > Subject: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? > Message-ID: > < > CAGOPR+cG++RiV_bW4YFzpTuGkht2s_GXM2ihOJx6C032GXp+oA@mail.gmail.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" > > Hello, > > I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution > of > geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) > outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of > it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on > the > evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and > subterranean > ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall > blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing > herds across elevational gradients. > > Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, > theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of > geophytes > as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like > zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort > of > thing. > > Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! > > Thanks, > Mark Akimoff > illahe > Salem, Oregon > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 2 > Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 10:26:04 -0800 > From: Giant Coreopsis > To: Pacific Bulb Society > Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? > Message-ID: > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 > > I have a slim-ish volume called ?The evolution of plants? by Willis and > McElwain. I can send you snapshots of the table of contents / index in a > private message if you?re interested. > > On Feb 7, 2019, at 9:28 AM, mark akimoff wrote: > > Hello, > > I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution > of > geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) > outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of > it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on > the > evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and > subterranean > ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall > blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing > herds across elevational gradients. > > Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, > theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of > geophytes > as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like > zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort > of > thing. > > Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! > > Thanks, > Mark Akimoff > illahe > Salem, Oregon > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 3 > Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 10:30:25 -0800 > From: mark akimoff > To: Pacific Bulb Society > Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? > Message-ID: > < > CAGOPR+dSJDuRuxQNLnPHez_bboVqnqd-MUtB3+d-dOMgMOEyhg@mail.gmail.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" > > Thanks, > > That would be great! I'm gathering all resources! > > Mark > > On Thu, Feb 7, 2019 at 10:26 AM Giant Coreopsis > > wrote: > > > I have a slim-ish volume called ?The evolution of plants? by Willis > > and > > McElwain. I can send you snapshots of the table of contents / index in > > a > > private message if you?re interested. > > > > On Feb 7, 2019, at 9:28 AM, mark akimoff wrote: > > > > Hello, > > > > I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the > > evolution of > > geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) > > outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect > > of > > it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter > > on the > > evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and > > subterranean > > ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall > > blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing > > herds across elevational gradients. > > > > Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, > > theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of > > geophytes > > as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues > > like > > zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that > > sort of > > thing. > > > > Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! > > > > Thanks, > > Mark Akimoff > > illahe > > Salem, Oregon > > _______________________________________________ > > pbs mailing list > > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > _______________________________________________ > > pbs mailing list > > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 4 > Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 11:09:55 -0800 > From: Jane McGary > To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? > Message-ID: > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed > > The ways in which bulbs multiply often seem to be adaptations to > environmental conditions. For instance, the production of numerous tiny, > loosely attached offsets (such as "rice grains" in some Fritillaria) is > often associated with predation by digging animals such as bears and > humans (e.g., consumers of Fritillaria camtschatcensis, Brodiaea > californica, Camassia). The interesting bulb of Lilium pardalinum, which > is elongated with very numerous scales, may reflect its typical habitat > near mountain streams, where the bulb might be dislodged and distributed > in spring. In both cases, the forms that bore many viable bulblets or > scales would tend over time to dominate the population. > > Mark mentions Crocus and its subterranean ovary. You can tell when > crocuses are ready to have their seed harvested because the capsule > rather suddenly rises above soil level on a stem, so that the seeds will > scatter. In nature one usually sees crocuses growing as scattered > individuals, not the tight clonal clusters found in cultivation -- > perhaps a respnse to burrowing predators. > > Jane McGary, Portland, Oregon, USAOn 2/7/2019 10:30 AM, mark akimoff > wrote: > > > On Feb 7, 2019, at 9:28 AM, mark akimoff wrote: > >> Hello, > >> > >> I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the > >> evolution of > >> geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and > >> Math) > >> outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect > >> of > >> it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter > >> on the > >> evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and > >> subterranean > >> ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall > >> blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of > >> grazing > >> herds across elevational gradients. > >> > >> Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, > >> theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of > >> geophytes > >> as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues > >> like > >> zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that > >> sort of > >> thing. > >> > >> Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! > >> > >> Thanks, > >> Mark Akimoff > >> illahe > >> Salem, Oregon > >> _______________________________________________ > >> pbs mailing list > >> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > >> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > >> _______________________________________________ > >> pbs mailing list > >> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > >> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > >> > > _______________________________________________ > > pbs mailing list > > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 5 > Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 19:16:55 +0000 > From: Tom Elias > To: Pacific Bulb Society > Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? > Message-ID: > > < > BYAPR07MB6135B0157CD64F2D906133DAB0680@BYAPR07MB6135.namprd07.prod.outlook.com > > > > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" > > Mark: > You may also want to investigate the presence of toxic secondary > compounds such as alkaloids in geophytes. I know for example that > Irises are abundant in the extensive steppes of Siberia. This is a > major location for the evolution of large herbivores. Tulips are also > found here along with other bulbous plants. I know that Irises are > loaded with alkaloids and poisonous to gracing animals. But, I do not > know about the toxicity of Tulips and other bulbous plants found there. > This is one of several mechanisms that plants have developed to > successfully compete and survive. > > Tom > > ________________________________ > From: pbs on behalf of mark > akimoff > Sent: Thursday, February 7, 2019 9:28 AM > To: Pacific Bulb Society > Subject: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? > > Hello, > > I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution > of > geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) > outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of > it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on > the > evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and > subterranean > ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall > blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing > herds across elevational gradients. > > Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, > theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of > geophytes > as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like > zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort > of > thing. > > Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! > > Thanks, > Mark Akimoff > illahe > Salem, Oregon > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Flists.pacificbulbsociety.net%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Fpbs&data=02%7C01%7C%7C5f3d26df01764a299e7808d68d21c022%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636851573429003909&sdata=M8YQreGRV77XSbT2HhtMlQzzIDA1lTHM4%2BWjUwurpqA%3D&reserved=0 > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 6 > Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 20:29:35 +0000 (UTC) > From: Jim McKenney > To: Pacific Bulb Society > Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? > Message-ID: <183874394.4843201.1549571375389@mail.yahoo.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 > > Note that the ovaries of most (or all?) colchicums and crocuses are > underground at bloom time and in colchicums the ovary is raised up above > the surface within the foliage as it develops. In most crocuses, the > seed capsule is pushed up out of the ground when the seeds are > ripe.?Among crocuses, Crocus korolkowii produces seed capsules which > remain underground.?Jim McKenneyMontgomery County, Maryland, USA, USDA > zone 7, where the first of the late winter crocuses might appear any day > now.? > bulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > > | > | > | | > pbs Info Page > > > | > > | > > | > > > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 7 > Date: Thu, 07 Feb 2019 15:49:02 -0500 > From: Dennis Kramb > To: Pacific Bulb Society > Subject: [pbs] Asarum canadense sun tolerance > Message-ID: > > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 > > Near my property line I have cultivated a lovely and large patch of > Asarum canadense in the shade of my neighbors pine trees.? The first > plants originally appeared all on their own about twenty years ago.? > New neighbors have seen fit to chop all those trees down last week (at > the peak of the polar vortex no less). So now the plants are in full > sun. > Is a shade screen necessary for them to survive? > Dennis in Cincinnati > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 8 > Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 16:42:16 -0500 > From: Judy Glattstein > To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > Subject: [pbs] Small World > Message-ID: <9590ddc9-8940-a53f-b289-62346413a9c6@gmail.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"; Format="flowed" > > The small world and making connections. > > I looked up walipini. The entry mentioned that the term refers to an > earth-sheltered cold frame. It derives its name from the Aymaran > languages. > > My brother did his doctoral research in the Peruvian Andes lo these many > years ago. He learned both Quechua and Aymara languages. So of course I > asked him about this. > > His reply: > "Wali- is an Aymara root that means 'good.' Waliskiw means, things are > good. Not sure about the -pini suffix. The cab driver that my brother > and his wife had back from JFK was a Bolivian, grew up with > Quechua-speaking parents, still knows it. He said he'd never had a > Quechua-speaking customer before in his 35 years of driving. " > > Where were they coming back from? He had been at a conference in Durban. > His wife came along. After the conference they took a long week in Cape > Town, went to Kirstenbosh, up Table Mountain, etc. Most of the pictures > he sent to me (taken with his iPhone) are not of interest to me and you. > Here are three that make the cut. I'm pretty sure about the scadoxus. > And is watsonia correct? > > Judy in NJ where the living history farm is scheduled to start tapping > sugar maples this Saturday. And I've seen two different flocks of > robins. > > > -------------- next part -------------- > A non-text attachment was scrubbed... > Name: In South Africa_2019-02_Scadoxus.jpg > Type: image/jpeg > Size: 184234 bytes > Desc: not available > URL: > < > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/pipermail/pbs/attachments/20190207/85821070/attachment.jpg > > > -------------- next part -------------- > A non-text attachment was scrubbed... > Name: On Table Mountain_2019-02_Watsonia.jpg > Type: image/jpeg > Size: 177881 bytes > Desc: not available > URL: > < > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/pipermail/pbs/attachments/20190207/85821070/attachment-0001.jpg > > > -------------- next part -------------- > A non-text attachment was scrubbed... > Name: On Table Mountain_2019-02_Watsonia closeup.jpg > Type: image/jpeg > Size: 162938 bytes > Desc: not available > URL: > < > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/pipermail/pbs/attachments/20190207/85821070/attachment-0002.jpg > > > > ------------------------------ > > Subject: Digest Footer > > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > > ------------------------------ > > End of pbs Digest, Vol 24, Issue 6 > ********************************** > > > > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From markemazer@gmail.com Fri, 08 Feb 2019 16:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Mark Mazer Subject: Geophytes Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2019 18:54:40 -0500 https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0164816 On Fri, Feb 8, 2019 at 4:34 PM mark akimoff wrote: > Thanks everyone for the great brainstorming on the evolution of geophytes, > soil types, presence or absence of toxic compounds, grazing pressure, > digging and burrowing animals, environmental changes, etc. etc. all of > these will make a great presentation topic and a way to introduce > evolutionary adaptations to students in a STEM curriculum. > > Mark > > On Fri, Feb 8, 2019 at 1:21 PM GEORGE STEWART > wrote: > > > An old but useful book is Tuberous Cormous Bulbs > > > > by John Pate and Kingsley Dixon; > > > > Publisher:UWA Publishing, 1982 > > > > It covers Western Australian species but most of the information can be > > generalised to species from other parts of the world. > > > > George Stewart > > > > ------ Original Message ------ > > From: pbs-request@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > Sent: Friday, 8 Feb, 2019 At 8:42 AM > > Subject: pbs Digest, Vol 24, Issue 6 > > > > Send pbs mailing list submissions to > > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > > > To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit > > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to > > pbs-request@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > > > You can reach the person managing the list at > > pbs-owner@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > > > When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific > > than "Re: Contents of pbs digest..." > > > > > > List-Post: > List-Archive: > > > > > Today's Topics: > > > > 1. Evolution of geophytes? (mark akimoff) > > 2. Re: Evolution of geophytes? (Giant Coreopsis) > > 3. Re: Evolution of geophytes? (mark akimoff) > > 4. Re: Evolution of geophytes? (Jane McGary) > > 5. Re: Evolution of geophytes? (Tom Elias) > > 6. Re: Evolution of geophytes? (Jim McKenney) > > 7. Asarum canadense sun tolerance (Dennis Kramb) > > 8. Small World (Judy Glattstein) > > > > > > ---------------------------------------------------------------------- > > > > Message: 1 > > Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 09:28:45 -0800 > > From: mark akimoff > > To: Pacific Bulb Society > > Subject: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? > > Message-ID: > > < > > CAGOPR+cG++RiV_bW4YFzpTuGkht2s_GXM2ihOJx6C032GXp+oA@mail.gmail.com> > > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" > > > > Hello, > > > > I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution > > of > > geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) > > outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of > > it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on > > the > > evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and > > subterranean > > ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall > > blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing > > herds across elevational gradients. > > > > Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, > > theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of > > geophytes > > as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like > > zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort > > of > > thing. > > > > Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! > > > > Thanks, > > Mark Akimoff > > illahe > > Salem, Oregon > > > > > > ------------------------------ > > > > Message: 2 > > Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 10:26:04 -0800 > > From: Giant Coreopsis > > To: Pacific Bulb Society > > Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? > > Message-ID: > > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 > > > > I have a slim-ish volume called ?The evolution of plants? by Willis and > > McElwain. I can send you snapshots of the table of contents / index in a > > private message if you?re interested. > > > > On Feb 7, 2019, at 9:28 AM, mark akimoff wrote: > > > > Hello, > > > > I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution > > of > > geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) > > outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of > > it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on > > the > > evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and > > subterranean > > ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall > > blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing > > herds across elevational gradients. > > > > Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, > > theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of > > geophytes > > as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like > > zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort > > of > > thing. > > > > Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! > > > > Thanks, > > Mark Akimoff > > illahe > > Salem, Oregon > > _______________________________________________ > > pbs mailing list > > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > > > > > ------------------------------ > > > > Message: 3 > > Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 10:30:25 -0800 > > From: mark akimoff > > To: Pacific Bulb Society > > Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? > > Message-ID: > > < > > CAGOPR+dSJDuRuxQNLnPHez_bboVqnqd-MUtB3+d-dOMgMOEyhg@mail.gmail.com> > > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" > > > > Thanks, > > > > That would be great! I'm gathering all resources! > > > > Mark > > > > On Thu, Feb 7, 2019 at 10:26 AM Giant Coreopsis > > > > wrote: > > > > > I have a slim-ish volume called ?The evolution of plants? by Willis > > > and > > > McElwain. I can send you snapshots of the table of contents / index in > > > a > > > private message if you?re interested. > > > > > > On Feb 7, 2019, at 9:28 AM, mark akimoff wrote: > > > > > > Hello, > > > > > > I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the > > > evolution of > > > geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) > > > outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect > > > of > > > it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter > > > on the > > > evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and > > > subterranean > > > ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall > > > blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing > > > herds across elevational gradients. > > > > > > Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, > > > theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of > > > geophytes > > > as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues > > > like > > > zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that > > > sort of > > > thing. > > > > > > Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! > > > > > > Thanks, > > > Mark Akimoff > > > illahe > > > Salem, Oregon > > > _______________________________________________ > > > pbs mailing list > > > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > > _______________________________________________ > > > pbs mailing list > > > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > > > > > > > > ------------------------------ > > > > Message: 4 > > Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 11:09:55 -0800 > > From: Jane McGary > > To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? > > Message-ID: > > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed > > > > The ways in which bulbs multiply often seem to be adaptations to > > environmental conditions. For instance, the production of numerous tiny, > > loosely attached offsets (such as "rice grains" in some Fritillaria) is > > often associated with predation by digging animals such as bears and > > humans (e.g., consumers of Fritillaria camtschatcensis, Brodiaea > > californica, Camassia). The interesting bulb of Lilium pardalinum, which > > is elongated with very numerous scales, may reflect its typical habitat > > near mountain streams, where the bulb might be dislodged and distributed > > in spring. In both cases, the forms that bore many viable bulblets or > > scales would tend over time to dominate the population. > > > > Mark mentions Crocus and its subterranean ovary. You can tell when > > crocuses are ready to have their seed harvested because the capsule > > rather suddenly rises above soil level on a stem, so that the seeds will > > scatter. In nature one usually sees crocuses growing as scattered > > individuals, not the tight clonal clusters found in cultivation -- > > perhaps a respnse to burrowing predators. > > > > Jane McGary, Portland, Oregon, USAOn 2/7/2019 10:30 AM, mark akimoff > > wrote: > > > > > On Feb 7, 2019, at 9:28 AM, mark akimoff wrote: > > >> Hello, > > >> > > >> I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the > > >> evolution of > > >> geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and > > >> Math) > > >> outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect > > >> of > > >> it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter > > >> on the > > >> evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and > > >> subterranean > > >> ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall > > >> blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of > > >> grazing > > >> herds across elevational gradients. > > >> > > >> Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, > > >> theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of > > >> geophytes > > >> as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues > > >> like > > >> zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that > > >> sort of > > >> thing. > > >> > > >> Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! > > >> > > >> Thanks, > > >> Mark Akimoff > > >> illahe > > >> Salem, Oregon > > >> _______________________________________________ > > >> pbs mailing list > > >> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > >> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > >> _______________________________________________ > > >> pbs mailing list > > >> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > >> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > >> > > > _______________________________________________ > > > pbs mailing list > > > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > > > > > ------------------------------ > > > > Message: 5 > > Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 19:16:55 +0000 > > From: Tom Elias > > To: Pacific Bulb Society > > Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? > > Message-ID: > > > > < > > > BYAPR07MB6135B0157CD64F2D906133DAB0680@BYAPR07MB6135.namprd07.prod.outlook.com > > > > > > > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" > > > > Mark: > > You may also want to investigate the presence of toxic secondary > > compounds such as alkaloids in geophytes. I know for example that > > Irises are abundant in the extensive steppes of Siberia. This is a > > major location for the evolution of large herbivores. Tulips are also > > found here along with other bulbous plants. I know that Irises are > > loaded with alkaloids and poisonous to gracing animals. But, I do not > > know about the toxicity of Tulips and other bulbous plants found there. > > This is one of several mechanisms that plants have developed to > > successfully compete and survive. > > > > Tom > > > > ________________________________ > > From: pbs on behalf of mark > > akimoff > > Sent: Thursday, February 7, 2019 9:28 AM > > To: Pacific Bulb Society > > Subject: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? > > > > Hello, > > > > I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution > > of > > geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) > > outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of > > it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on > > the > > evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and > > subterranean > > ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall > > blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing > > herds across elevational gradients. > > > > Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, > > theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of > > geophytes > > as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like > > zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort > > of > > thing. > > > > Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! > > > > Thanks, > > Mark Akimoff > > illahe > > Salem, Oregon > > _______________________________________________ > > pbs mailing list > > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > > > > https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Flists.pacificbulbsociety.net%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Fpbs&data=02%7C01%7C%7C5f3d26df01764a299e7808d68d21c022%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636851573429003909&sdata=M8YQreGRV77XSbT2HhtMlQzzIDA1lTHM4%2BWjUwurpqA%3D&reserved=0 > > > > > > ------------------------------ > > > > Message: 6 > > Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 20:29:35 +0000 (UTC) > > From: Jim McKenney > > To: Pacific Bulb Society > > Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? > > Message-ID: <183874394.4843201.1549571375389@mail.yahoo.com> > > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 > > > > Note that the ovaries of most (or all?) colchicums and crocuses are > > underground at bloom time and in colchicums the ovary is raised up above > > the surface within the foliage as it develops. In most crocuses, the > > seed capsule is pushed up out of the ground when the seeds are > > ripe.?Among crocuses, Crocus korolkowii produces seed capsules which > > remain underground.?Jim McKenneyMontgomery County, Maryland, USA, USDA > > zone 7, where the first of the late winter crocuses might appear any day > > now.? > > bulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > > > > > | > > | > > | | > > pbs Info Page > > > > > > | > > > > | > > > > | > > > > > > > > > > > > ------------------------------ > > > > Message: 7 > > Date: Thu, 07 Feb 2019 15:49:02 -0500 > > From: Dennis Kramb > > To: Pacific Bulb Society > > Subject: [pbs] Asarum canadense sun tolerance > > Message-ID: > > > > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 > > > > Near my property line I have cultivated a lovely and large patch of > > Asarum canadense in the shade of my neighbors pine trees.? The first > > plants originally appeared all on their own about twenty years ago.? > > New neighbors have seen fit to chop all those trees down last week (at > > the peak of the polar vortex no less). So now the plants are in full > > sun. > > Is a shade screen necessary for them to survive? > > Dennis in Cincinnati > > > > ------------------------------ > > > > Message: 8 > > Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 16:42:16 -0500 > > From: Judy Glattstein > > To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > Subject: [pbs] Small World > > Message-ID: <9590ddc9-8940-a53f-b289-62346413a9c6@gmail.com> > > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"; Format="flowed" > > > > The small world and making connections. > > > > I looked up walipini. The entry mentioned that the term refers to an > > earth-sheltered cold frame. It derives its name from the Aymaran > > languages. > > > > My brother did his doctoral research in the Peruvian Andes lo these many > > years ago. He learned both Quechua and Aymara languages. So of course I > > asked him about this. > > > > His reply: > > "Wali- is an Aymara root that means 'good.' Waliskiw means, things are > > good. Not sure about the -pini suffix. The cab driver that my brother > > and his wife had back from JFK was a Bolivian, grew up with > > Quechua-speaking parents, still knows it. He said he'd never had a > > Quechua-speaking customer before in his 35 years of driving. " > > > > Where were they coming back from? He had been at a conference in Durban. > > His wife came along. After the conference they took a long week in Cape > > Town, went to Kirstenbosh, up Table Mountain, etc. Most of the pictures > > he sent to me (taken with his iPhone) are not of interest to me and you. > > Here are three that make the cut. I'm pretty sure about the scadoxus. > > And is watsonia correct? > > > > Judy in NJ where the living history farm is scheduled to start tapping > > sugar maples this Saturday. And I've seen two different flocks of > > robins. > > > > > > -------------- next part -------------- > > A non-text attachment was scrubbed... > > Name: In South Africa_2019-02_Scadoxus.jpg > > Type: image/jpeg > > Size: 184234 bytes > > Desc: not available > > URL: > > < > > > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/pipermail/pbs/attachments/20190207/85821070/attachment.jpg > > > > > -------------- next part -------------- > > A non-text attachment was scrubbed... > > Name: On Table Mountain_2019-02_Watsonia.jpg > > Type: image/jpeg > > Size: 177881 bytes > > Desc: not available > > URL: > > < > > > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/pipermail/pbs/attachments/20190207/85821070/attachment-0001.jpg > > > > > -------------- next part -------------- > > A non-text attachment was scrubbed... > > Name: On Table Mountain_2019-02_Watsonia closeup.jpg > > Type: image/jpeg > > Size: 162938 bytes > > Desc: not available > > URL: > > < > > > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/pipermail/pbs/attachments/20190207/85821070/attachment-0002.jpg > > > > > > > ------------------------------ > > > > Subject: Digest Footer > > > > _______________________________________________ > > pbs mailing list > > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > > > > > ------------------------------ > > > > End of pbs Digest, Vol 24, Issue 6 > > ********************************** > > > > > > > > _______________________________________________ > > pbs mailing list > > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From jgglatt@gmail.com Fri, 08 Feb 2019 20:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <60c2a78f-023c-e91d-8b45-56c7028a3c19@gmail.com> From: Judy Glattstein Subject: Edibility of Bulbs Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2019 22:41:48 -0500 Setting aside all the kitchen "lilies" (onions, shallots, garlic, et al  that are culinary mainstays) there are other bulbs that we think of as ornamentals but which are edible. Dahlias were originally raised for food. Breeding for flower power may have reduced their flavor. I don't know anyone who has sampled them. Camassia were an important food resource in the Pacific Northwest, to the extent that battles were waged by the indigenous people over gathering rights to productive meadows. As an aside, Sacajawea fed camassia to Lewis and Clark on their expedition westward. The Dutch ate tulip bulbs during the Hunger Winter of World War II. In Italy, lampascioni is made with the pickled //bulbs of tassel hyacinth, Muscari comosum//. Judy in New Jersey where winter is returning. Quite windy, and temperatures have dropped below the freezing point. _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From bill@cultivariable.com Fri, 08 Feb 2019 20:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: William Whitson Subject: Edibility of Bulbs Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2019 20:01:48 -0800 Dahlia roots range widely in flavor. The majority of the ornamentals aren't that appealing, but sometimes you'll find one that tastes good. They taste better after being exposed to cold weather, as is true for most roots in the sunflower family. Kaiser Wilhelm is one that is pretty widely available that is sweet and non-fibrous. Your odds of finding good ones are better when growing from seed. It is an inulin rich root, so not everyone tolerates it well - similar to sunchokes. Camas is nice, but requires really long cooking times to avoid terrible gas. Tigridia and Erythronium are both well worth exploring for edible potential. Not all Erythroniums seem to be equally edible. E. dens-canis is probably the most commonly eaten. I had a hard time after trying E. oregonum and I'm not sure if it was coincidence or toxicity, so I have been reluctant to try it again. Frittilarias are nice, but hard to get a meal out of. Commelina has the opposite problem - plenty to eat, but the texture is hard to get used to. Bill On Fri, Feb 8, 2019 at 7:41 PM Judy Glattstein wrote: > Setting aside all the kitchen "lilies" (onions, shallots, garlic, et al > that are culinary mainstays) there are other bulbs that we think of as > ornamentals but which are edible. Dahlias were originally raised for > food. Breeding for flower power may have reduced their flavor. I don't > know anyone who has sampled them. Camassia were an important food > resource in the Pacific Northwest, to the extent that battles were waged > by the indigenous people over gathering rights to productive meadows. As > an aside, Sacajawea fed camassia to Lewis and Clark on their expedition > westward. The Dutch ate tulip bulbs during the Hunger Winter of World > War II. In Italy, lampascioni is made with the pickled //bulbs of tassel > hyacinth, Muscari comosum//. > > Judy in New Jersey where winter is returning. Quite windy, and > temperatures have dropped below the freezing point. > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From voltaire@islandnet.com Fri, 08 Feb 2019 22:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: Diane Subject: Edibility of Bulbs Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2019 21:24:33 -0800 One good thing about onions is they can make a big bulb within one growing season, but this is certainly not the case with our Erythroniums. Who would eat a small bulb that has taken five years or more to get to flowering size? Diane Whitehead Victoria, British Columbia, Canada _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From rrodich@juno.com Fri, 08 Feb 2019 22:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: Subject: Evolution of geophytes? Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2019 23:50:25 -0600 Not that I would know, but with the talk about grazing pressure evolution of subterranean crocus ovaries, I have a question: Is this merely an adaption that humans assume is true, or is there evidence to back it up? For instance, are there (or were there) crocus species that do not do this? And would this also be the reason for the similar adaptation of taxonomically unrelated Colchicum? Has anyone investigated the possibility that the reason might be to escape extreme cold during a critical time of fertilization or seed development? At least in Liliaceae, temperature can be demanding for good fertilization in some genera. Rick Rodich just west of Minneapolis, MN ____________________________________________________________ See If You Can Guess Who This Former Child Star Is funnyjk.com http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3141/5c5e6a5e4640f6a5e3016st01duc _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From penstemon@Q.com Fri, 08 Feb 2019 23:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <95DFD478363F4E8380D860F744CE71CE@bobPC> From: "penstemon" Subject: Evolution of geophytes? Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2019 23:21:08 -0700 >And would this also be the reason for the >similar adaptation of taxonomically unrelated Colchicum? >Has anyone investigated the possibility that the reason might be to >escape extreme cold during a critical time of fertilization or seed >development? Possibly due to myrmecochory more than anything else. Most autumn-flowering colchicums, I think, do not experience extreme cold in their native habitats. They will produce leaves almost immediately after flowering when not subjected to extreme cold, not waiting until spring like they do when grown in gardens. The same is true with autumn-flowering crocuses, though their leaves are much hardier to cold temperatures. Bob Nold Denver, Colorado, USA _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From rrodich@juno.com Fri, 08 Feb 2019 23:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: Subject: Edibility of Bulbs Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 00:59:06 -0600 And of course, there are the many Lilium species. The Asian cultures are correct when they relay that the darker colored bulbs of trumpet lily species are bitter. Believe me, it's beyond bitter - just take a tiny bit that gets spit out immediately, and the unpleasant taste lingers for an hour in your mouth no matter what you do. But asiatic lilies are very good tasting. A couple of relevant reports I made on the web: https://garden.org/thread/view_post/803632/ https://garden.org/thread/view_post/803648/ and if you would like to slog through the entire forum thread "Cooking with Lilies" that includes a lot of irrelevant entries, it is here: https://garden.org/thread/view/13821/Cooking-with-Lilies/ And recently I have had enough martagon section species to eat, too - martagons and tsingtauense/distichum/martagon hybrids. They are the best tasting of all! You will notice in my previous links I mention a slightly soapy taste when bulbs are eaten raw that goes away when cooked. Martagon section lilies do not have this at all. I have yet to try any American species. I am eager to hear about any experiences with Lilium spp. that anyone else can share. Rick Rodich just west of Minneapolis, MN ____________________________________________________________ These 5 Foods May Induce Alzheimer’s clearstateofmind.com http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3141/5c5e7a81bd46e7a8116d6st04duc _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From luminita.vollmer@gmail.com Sat, 09 Feb 2019 08:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Luminita vollmer Subject: Edibility of Bulbs Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 10:04:42 -0600 What I know is that we eat canna bulbs - plenty and large. They taste like potatoes but cook much faster. I also know that common lilies are edible, and when there is a mixture of bulbs some people "know" what variety it is by tasting one of the scales. In some parts of Asia bulbs are food, and sold by weight, not count. Luminita in FtCollins, Co at the moment but usually in Minnesota where it has been minus double digits since mid January ; 0 On Fri, Feb 8, 2019 at 9:42 PM Judy Glattstein wrote: > Setting aside all the kitchen "lilies" (onions, shallots, garlic, et al > that are culinary mainstays) there are other bulbs that we think of as > ornamentals but which are edible. Dahlias were originally raised for > food. Breeding for flower power may have reduced their flavor. I don't > know anyone who has sampled them. Camassia were an important food > resource in the Pacific Northwest, to the extent that battles were waged > by the indigenous people over gathering rights to productive meadows. As > an aside, Sacajawea fed camassia to Lewis and Clark on their expedition > westward. The Dutch ate tulip bulbs during the Hunger Winter of World > War II. In Italy, lampascioni is made with the pickled //bulbs of tassel > hyacinth, Muscari comosum//. > > Judy in New Jersey where winter is returning. Quite windy, and > temperatures have dropped below the freezing point. > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net Sat, 09 Feb 2019 10:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: ERIKA SCHROEDERSECKER via pbs Subject: Rauhia decora Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 12:58:06 -0500 Hello everyone, I wonder if I could get some advise on when to repot Rauhia decora. It’s too big for the existing pot which is 13cm wide and 10cm deep. The PBS site is informative but doesn’t discuss this. I have 4 large leaves with one senescing. I’ve now noticed a new leaf starting to form. It’s a very healthy and vigorous bulb but had outgrown its pot. Thank you, Erika Toronto, Ontario Sent from my iPhone _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net Sat, 09 Feb 2019 14:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <16397673-EF2F-4E38-B29F-438561916CDD@me.com> From: Charles Powne via pbs Subject: Edibility of Bulbs (rrodich@juno.com) Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 10:31:51 -0800 As I’m sure many of you know, Fremontia, the journal of the California Native Plant Society, devoted an entire issue to the subject of geophytes in 2016. A number of the articles deal with the edibility of bulbs, and the relationship of native peoples and the local bulbs they ate and propagated. It’s fascinating information, and the entire issue can be downloaded for free from the CNPS website. http://cnps.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/FremontiaV44.3.pdf Charles Powne iyou@me.com https://map.what3words.com/extend.storm.palace USDA zone 8b > > Message: 1 > Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 00:59:06 -0600 > From: > To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > Subject: Re: [pbs] Edibility of Bulbs > Message-ID: > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii > > And of course, there are the many Lilium species. The Asian cultures are > correct when they relay that the darker colored bulbs of trumpet lily > species are bitter. Believe me, it's beyond bitter - just take a tiny > bit that gets spit out immediately, and the unpleasant taste lingers for > an hour in your mouth no matter what you do. But asiatic lilies are very > good tasting. A couple of relevant reports I made on the web: > https://garden.org/thread/view_post/803632/ > https://garden.org/thread/view_post/803648/ > and if you would like to slog through the entire forum thread "Cooking > with Lilies" that includes a lot of irrelevant entries, it is here: > https://garden.org/thread/view/13821/Cooking-with-Lilies/ > > And recently I have had enough martagon section species to eat, too - > martagons and tsingtauense/distichum/martagon hybrids. They are the best > tasting of all! You will notice in my previous links I mention a > slightly soapy taste when bulbs are eaten raw that goes away when cooked. > Martagon section lilies do not have this at all. > I have yet to try any American species. > > I am eager to hear about any experiences with Lilium spp. that anyone > else can share. > > Rick Rodich > just west of Minneapolis, MN _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From kathleen.sayce@gmail.com Sat, 09 Feb 2019 11:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Kathleen Sayce Subject: Edibility of Bulbs Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 10:33:40 -0800 Camas bulbs were traded widely by western tribes, to the extent that genetics are being used to determine where these species were actually native, where they were traded to, and where they persist today from remnant planted populations. Wapato is an aquatic bulb of shallow freshwater, another carbohydrate source. Brodiaeas were also eaten, and like Erythroniums, seem to be a lot of work for small edible bulbs. Kathleen South coast of Washington, with snow across the bay at sea level _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From jgglatt@gmail.com Sat, 09 Feb 2019 11:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <26e40f76-2aab-7cd5-3e66-61faace61fbb@gmail.com> From: Judy Glattstein Subject: I Love PBS Archives! Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 13:42:01 -0500 I could not find what I was sure I had once written about oca on my web site. Could not find images in my photo files either. I *know* I had bought, cooked, written about oca. Lo and behold in our PBS archives are all the messages, replies, back-and-forth commentary about oca. From 2004, mind you, which I believe pre-dates my ownership of a digital camera. And some more from 2007. Wonderful! No idea where my images are, except maybe I only think I took them? Judy in sunny and windy and chilly New Jersey _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From janemcgary@earthlink.net Sat, 09 Feb 2019 12:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <539a1126-df33-89eb-19c4-4c44f870e588@earthlink.net> From: Jane McGary Subject: Edibility of Bulbs Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 12:14:08 -0800 To Kathleen's ethnobotanical note, I can add that Fritillaria camtschatcensis was gathered for food by Alaskan Natives in the coastal regions where it grows. There, it is robust and often found in large populations. Bears also dig it up, and I suppose ground squirrels might. Jane McGary, Portland, Oregon, USA (formerly Fairbanks, Alaska) _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From paige@hillkeep.ca Sat, 09 Feb 2019 14:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <1930DE15-78EC-4F15-98B8-353A67739632@hillkeep.ca> From: Paige Woodward Subject: Evolution of geophytes? Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 13:15:26 -0800 Here is a dazzling paper that discusses why some geophytes are rhizomes and others are bulbs; why some have seeds in soft berries with round seeds while others have dry capsules with flat, papery seeds; why leaves are arranged the way they are, and lots else. I’ve promoted it before, but long ago. It’s an oldie but goldie by a couple of botanists whose other papers are also well worth looking up. -------------- next part -------------- I’m attaching it as a .pdf, but in case that doesn’t come through, it’s called PHYLOGENY, CONCERTED CONVERGENCE, AND PHYLOGENETIC NICHE CONSERVATISM IN THE CORE LILIALES: INSIGHTS FROM rbcL AND ndhF SEQUENCE DATA by THOMAS B. PATTERSON AND THOMAS J. GIVNISH It was published in 2002 in the journal Evolution, 56(2), pp. 233–252. Easy to find in various online archives, though possibly only as an abstract. Very sorry but I am rarely online, am unlikely to reply, but thought this might be useful. Paige Woodward > On Feb 7, 2019, at 9:28 AM, mark akimoff wrote: > > Hello, > > I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution of > geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) > outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of > it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on the > evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and subterranean > ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall > blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing > herds across elevational gradients. > > Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, > theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of geophytes > as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like > zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort of > thing. > > Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! > > Thanks, > Mark Akimoff > illahe > Salem, Oregon > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From arnold140@verizon.net Sat, 09 Feb 2019 15:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <1596250814.1024363.1549753136117@mail.yahoo.com> From: Arnold Trachtenberg Subject: Rauhia decora Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 22:58:56 +0000 (UTC) Erika: I would you  like to tell us how you grow to such great success that you have to repot it. I see that you are in a frigid climate. So the guess is you have some kind of heated structure like a greenhouse or sun room. Can you give details on potting mix, watering regime. growth cycle and so forth. I have struggle to grow it her in Northern NJ which is no where as cold as you are. Arnold New Jersey -----Original Message----- From: ERIKA SCHROEDERSECKER via pbs To: pbs Cc: ERIKA SCHROEDERSECKER Sent: Sat, Feb 9, 2019 12:58 pm Subject: [pbs] Rauhia decora Hello everyone, I wonder if I could get some advise on when to repot Rauhia decora. It’s too big for the existing pot which is 13cm wide and 10cm deep. The PBS site is informative but doesn’t discuss this. I have 4 large leaves with one senescing. I’ve now noticed a new leaf starting to form. It’s a very healthy and vigorous bulb but had outgrown its pot. Thank you, Erika Toronto, Ontario Sent from my iPhone _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From david@davidpilling.com Sat, 09 Feb 2019 16:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <39f8f398-6103-ed3a-e53e-a43eca8c9da8@davidpilling.com> From: David Pilling Subject: Evolution of geophytes? Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 23:57:24 +0000 Hi, On 09/02/2019 21:15, Paige Woodward wrote: > Here is a dazzling paper > I’m attaching it as a .pdf, but in case that doesn’t come through, it’s called > PHYLOGENY, CONCERTED CONVERGENCE, AND PHYLOGENETIC NICHE > CONSERVATISM IN THE CORE LILIALES: INSIGHTS FROM rbcL AND ndhF > SEQUENCE DATA PDF from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2002.tb01334.x or https://tinyurl.com/y5ar59sd -- David Pilling www.davidpilling.com _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net Sun, 10 Feb 2019 08:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <3C24E52C-F6E7-4654-9BC8-AB39BE09A950@yahoo.ca> From: ERIKA SCHROEDERSECKER via pbs Subject: Rauhia decora Date: Sun, 10 Feb 2019 10:19:12 -0500 Hi Arnold, I feel it needs to be repotted as it’s gotten larger though it’s quite happy in its square plastic container. I grow it inside under lights approx. a foot away to provide lower lumens. During winter it grows at around 50-60F. It never looses it leaves completely. The leaf size is about 15” long with smaller offsets that have developed over the last few years. During winter I generally only water every 2 weeks. The soil mix if I recall is grit, some sand and compost. Thank you. Erika. Toronto Ontario where it’s only -8C today. Sent from my iPhone > On Feb 10, 2019, at 7:00 AM, pbs-request@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net wrote: > > Send pbs mailing list submissions to > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to > pbs-request@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > You can reach the person managing the list at > pbs-owner@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > > When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific > than "Re: Contents of pbs digest..." > > > List-Post: List-Archive: > > Today's Topics: > > 1. Re: Edibility of Bulbs (Luminita vollmer) > 2. Rauhia decora (ERIKA SCHROEDERSECKER) > 3. Re: Edibility of Bulbs (Kathleen Sayce) > 4. I Love PBS Archives! (Judy Glattstein) > 5. Re: Edibility of Bulbs (Jane McGary) > 6. Re: Evolution of geophytes? (Paige Woodward) > 7. Re: Edibility of Bulbs (rrodich@juno.com) (Charles Powne) > 8. Re: Rauhia decora (Arnold Trachtenberg) > 9. Re: Evolution of geophytes? (David Pilling) > > > ---------------------------------------------------------------------- > > Message: 1 > Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 10:04:42 -0600 > From: Luminita vollmer > To: Pacific Bulb Society > Subject: Re: [pbs] Edibility of Bulbs > Message-ID: > > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" > > What I know is that we eat canna bulbs - plenty and large. They taste like > potatoes but cook much faster. > I also know that common lilies are edible, and when there is a mixture of > bulbs some people "know" what variety it is > by tasting one of the scales. In some parts of Asia bulbs are food, and > sold by weight, not count. > > Luminita in FtCollins, Co at the moment but usually in Minnesota where it > has been minus double digits since mid January ; 0 > > >> On Fri, Feb 8, 2019 at 9:42 PM Judy Glattstein wrote: >> >> Setting aside all the kitchen "lilies" (onions, shallots, garlic, et al >> that are culinary mainstays) there are other bulbs that we think of as >> ornamentals but which are edible. Dahlias were originally raised for >> food. Breeding for flower power may have reduced their flavor. I don't >> know anyone who has sampled them. Camassia were an important food >> resource in the Pacific Northwest, to the extent that battles were waged >> by the indigenous people over gathering rights to productive meadows. As >> an aside, Sacajawea fed camassia to Lewis and Clark on their expedition >> westward. The Dutch ate tulip bulbs during the Hunger Winter of World >> War II. In Italy, lampascioni is made with the pickled //bulbs of tassel >> hyacinth, Muscari comosum//. >> >> Judy in New Jersey where winter is returning. Quite windy, and >> temperatures have dropped below the freezing point. >> _______________________________________________ >> pbs mailing list >> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net >> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs >> > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 2 > Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 12:58:06 -0500 > From: ERIKA SCHROEDERSECKER > To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > Subject: [pbs] Rauhia decora > Message-ID: > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 > > Hello everyone, I wonder if I could get some advise on when to repot Rauhia decora. It?s too big for the existing pot which is 13cm wide and 10cm deep. The PBS site is informative but doesn?t discuss this. I have 4 large leaves with one senescing. I?ve now noticed a new leaf starting to form. It?s a very healthy and vigorous bulb but had outgrown its pot. Thank you, Erika Toronto, Ontario > > Sent from my iPhone > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 3 > Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 10:33:40 -0800 > From: Kathleen Sayce > To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > Subject: Re: [pbs] Edibility of Bulbs > Message-ID: > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii > > Camas bulbs were traded widely by western tribes, to the extent that genetics are being used to determine where these species were actually native, where they were traded to, and where they persist today from remnant planted populations. > > Wapato is an aquatic bulb of shallow freshwater, another carbohydrate source. > > Brodiaeas were also eaten, and like Erythroniums, seem to be a lot of work for small edible bulbs. > > Kathleen > South coast of Washington, with snow across the bay at sea level > > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 4 > Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 13:42:01 -0500 > From: Judy Glattstein > To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > Subject: [pbs] I Love PBS Archives! > Message-ID: <26e40f76-2aab-7cd5-3e66-61faace61fbb@gmail.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed > > I could not find what I was sure I had once written about oca on my web > site. Could not find images in my photo files either. I *know* I had > bought, cooked, written about oca. > > Lo and behold in our PBS archives are all the messages, replies, > back-and-forth commentary about oca. From 2004, mind you, which I > believe pre-dates my ownership of a digital camera. And some more from > 2007. Wonderful! > > No idea where my images are, except maybe I only think I took them? > > Judy in sunny and windy and chilly New Jersey > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 5 > Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 12:14:08 -0800 > From: Jane McGary > To: Pacific Bulb Society > Subject: Re: [pbs] Edibility of Bulbs > Message-ID: <539a1126-df33-89eb-19c4-4c44f870e588@earthlink.net> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed > > To Kathleen's ethnobotanical note, I can add that Fritillaria > camtschatcensis was gathered for food by Alaskan Natives in the coastal > regions where it grows. There, it is robust and often found in large > populations. Bears also dig it up, and I suppose ground squirrels might. > > Jane McGary, Portland, Oregon, USA (formerly Fairbanks, Alaska) > > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 6 > Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 13:15:26 -0800 > From: Paige Woodward > To: Pacific Bulb Society > Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? > Message-ID: <1930DE15-78EC-4F15-98B8-353A67739632@hillkeep.ca> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" > > Here is a dazzling paper that discusses why some geophytes are rhizomes and others are bulbs; why some have seeds in soft berries with round seeds while others have dry capsules with flat, papery seeds; why leaves are arranged the way they are, and lots else. I?ve promoted it before, but long ago. It?s an oldie but goldie by a couple of botanists whose other papers are also well worth looking up. > > > -------------- next part -------------- > > > I?m attaching it as a .pdf, but in case that doesn?t come through, it?s called > > PHYLOGENY, CONCERTED CONVERGENCE, AND PHYLOGENETIC NICHE > CONSERVATISM IN THE CORE LILIALES: INSIGHTS FROM rbcL AND ndhF > SEQUENCE DATA > > by THOMAS B. PATTERSON AND THOMAS J. GIVNISH > > It was published in 2002 in the journal Evolution, 56(2), pp. 233?252. > > Easy to find in various online archives, though possibly only as an abstract. > > Very sorry but I am rarely online, am unlikely to reply, but thought this might be useful. > > Paige Woodward > >> On Feb 7, 2019, at 9:28 AM, mark akimoff wrote: >> >> Hello, >> >> I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution of >> geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) >> outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of >> it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on the >> evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and subterranean >> ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall >> blooming speciation as an adaptation to seasonal migration of grazing >> herds across elevational gradients. >> >> Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas, >> theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of geophytes >> as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like >> zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort of >> thing. >> >> Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated! >> >> Thanks, >> Mark Akimoff >> illahe >> Salem, Oregon >> _______________________________________________ >> pbs mailing list >> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net >> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 7 > Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 10:31:51 -0800 > From: Charles Powne > To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > Subject: Re: [pbs] Edibility of Bulbs (rrodich@juno.com) > Message-ID: <16397673-EF2F-4E38-B29F-438561916CDD@me.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252 > > As I?m sure many of you know, Fremontia, the journal of the California Native Plant Society, devoted an entire issue to the subject of geophytes in 2016. A number of the articles deal with the edibility of bulbs, and the relationship of native peoples and the local bulbs they ate and propagated. It?s fascinating information, and the entire issue can be downloaded for free from the CNPS website. > > http://cnps.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/FremontiaV44.3.pdf > > > Charles Powne > iyou@me.com > https://map.what3words.com/extend.storm.palace > USDA zone 8b > >> >> Message: 1 >> Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 00:59:06 -0600 >> From: >> To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net >> Subject: Re: [pbs] Edibility of Bulbs >> Message-ID: >> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii >> >> And of course, there are the many Lilium species. The Asian cultures are >> correct when they relay that the darker colored bulbs of trumpet lily >> species are bitter. Believe me, it's beyond bitter - just take a tiny >> bit that gets spit out immediately, and the unpleasant taste lingers for >> an hour in your mouth no matter what you do. But asiatic lilies are very >> good tasting. A couple of relevant reports I made on the web: >> https://garden.org/thread/view_post/803632/ >> https://garden.org/thread/view_post/803648/ >> and if you would like to slog through the entire forum thread "Cooking >> with Lilies" that includes a lot of irrelevant entries, it is here: >> https://garden.org/thread/view/13821/Cooking-with-Lilies/ >> >> And recently I have had enough martagon section species to eat, too - >> martagons and tsingtauense/distichum/martagon hybrids. They are the best >> tasting of all! You will notice in my previous links I mention a >> slightly soapy taste when bulbs are eaten raw that goes away when cooked. >> Martagon section lilies do not have this at all. >> I have yet to try any American species. >> >> I am eager to hear about any experiences with Lilium spp. that anyone >> else can share. >> >> Rick Rodich >> just west of Minneapolis, MN > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 8 > Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 22:58:56 +0000 (UTC) > From: Arnold Trachtenberg > To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > Subject: Re: [pbs] Rauhia decora > Message-ID: <1596250814.1024363.1549753136117@mail.yahoo.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 > > Erika: > I would you? like to tell us how you grow to such great success that you have to repot it. > I see that you are in a frigid climate. > So the guess is you have some kind of heated structure like a greenhouse or sun room. > > Can you give details on potting mix, watering regime. growth cycle and so forth. > I have struggle to grow it her in Northern NJ which is no where as cold as you are. > Arnold New Jersey > > > > > > -----Original Message----- > From: ERIKA SCHROEDERSECKER via pbs > To: pbs > Cc: ERIKA SCHROEDERSECKER > Sent: Sat, Feb 9, 2019 12:58 pm > Subject: [pbs] Rauhia decora > > Hello everyone, I wonder if I could get some advise on when to repot Rauhia decora. It?s too big for the existing pot which is 13cm wide and 10cm deep. The PBS site is informative but doesn?t discuss this. I have 4 large leaves with one senescing. I?ve now noticed a new leaf starting to form. It?s a very healthy and vigorous bulb but had outgrown its pot. Thank you, Erika Toronto, Ontario > > Sent from my iPhone > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 9 > Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 23:57:24 +0000 > From: David Pilling > To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? > Message-ID: <39f8f398-6103-ed3a-e53e-a43eca8c9da8@davidpilling.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed > > Hi, > >> On 09/02/2019 21:15, Paige Woodward wrote: >> Here is a dazzling paper >> I?m attaching it as a .pdf, but in case that doesn?t come through, it?s called >> PHYLOGENY, CONCERTED CONVERGENCE, AND PHYLOGENETIC NICHE >> CONSERVATISM IN THE CORE LILIALES: INSIGHTS FROM rbcL AND ndhF >> SEQUENCE DATA > > PDF from: > > https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2002.tb01334.x > > or > > https://tinyurl.com/y5ar59sd > > > > -- > David Pilling > www.davidpilling.com > > > ------------------------------ > > Subject: Digest Footer > > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > > ------------------------------ > > End of pbs Digest, Vol 24, Issue 11 > *********************************** _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From design@moonwortstudio.com Sun, 10 Feb 2019 10:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <909906abdf5064d59c37dd9d3a8ab578@moonwortstudio.com> From: design@moonwortstudio.com Subject: ?? small, tropical, evergreen bulbs Date: Sun, 10 Feb 2019 12:37:31 -0500 Hi All. I have a plant selection question. I have a special interest in houseplants and planted terrariums and for some of my designs I could really use short-statured lilies or similar plants. Most geophytes won't really work in these situations because of their dormancy cycles, but I wonder if there might any lesser known possibilities that are more likely to grow as evergreens and do well in more or less constant conditions(?). I am familiar with Eucharis lilies, although I have not grown them, but the ones I have seen are rather big. Any other ideas? Thanks for considering this! _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From jwaddick@kc.rr.com Sun, 10 Feb 2019 14:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: James Waddick Subject: ?? small, tropical, evergreen bulbs Date: Sun, 10 Feb 2019 16:06:23 -0600 I was expecting Dennis Kramb to put in a word about miniature Gesneriads - especially tiny Siningia cvs. ( http://burwur.net/sinns/3mini.htm) and from there go to the home page for more info. Some of these are quite easy in a closed terrarium. Jim W. On Feb 10, 2019, at 11:37 AM, design@moonwortstudio.com wrote: Hi All. I have a plant selection question. I have a special interest in houseplants and planted terrariums and for some of my designs I could really use short-statured lilies or similar plants. Most geophytes won't really work in these situations because of their dormancy cycles, but I wonder if there might any lesser known possibilities that are more likely to grow as evergreens and do well in more or less constant conditions(?). I am familiar with Eucharis lilies, although I have not grown them, but the ones I have seen are rather big. Any other ideas? Thanks for considering this! _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs Dr. James Waddick 8871 NW Brostrom Rd Kansas City, MO 64152-2711 USA Phone 816-746-1949 _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From eez55@earthlink.net Sun, 10 Feb 2019 19:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <2101433039.3130.1549851872513@wamui-pluto.atl.sa.earthlink.net> From: Eugene Zielinski Subject: ?? small, tropical, evergreen bulbs Date: Sun, 10 Feb 2019 19:24:32 -0700 (GMT-07:00) Take a look at Griffinia species, particularly Griffinia liboniana. For higher light situations, some Ledebouria species may work, mainly for foliage rather than flowers. Eugene Zielinski Prescott Valley, Arizona USA -----Original Message----- >From: design@moonwortstudio.com >Sent: Feb 10, 2019 10:37 AM >To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net >Subject: Re: [pbs] ?? small, tropical, evergreen bulbs > >Hi All. > >I have a plant selection question. I have a special interest in >houseplants and planted terrariums and for some of my designs I could >really use short-statured lilies or similar plants. Most geophytes won't >really work in these situations because of their dormancy cycles, but I >wonder if there might any lesser known possibilities that are more >likely to grow as evergreens and do well in more or less constant >conditions(?). > >I am familiar with Eucharis lilies, although I have not grown them, but >the ones I have seen are rather big. Any other ideas? > >Thanks for considering this! >_______________________________________________ >pbs mailing list >pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net >http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From lyndonpenner@gmail.com Mon, 11 Feb 2019 00:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Lyndon Penner Subject: Bulb edibility Date: Mon, 11 Feb 2019 00:33:13 -0700 Regarding edible bulbs... as has already been discussed, Camassia bulbs are certainly edible. I have tasted them both raw (a bit like water chestnuts) and cooked (sort of savory; molasses-like, maybe? Not bad, anyway.) Lily bulbs have been eaten in some parts of the world. The glacier lilies (Erythronium) are loved by grizzly bears here in southern Alberta and apparently were once eaten by people. I ate one of the blossoms once and it didn't taste like anything at all and was totally devoid of flavor. One hopes the bulbs are better. Fritillaria pudica is eaten by many small creatures here in southern Alberta and was once gathered and eaten by people also. We have only a single native species of Calochortus here in Alberta (Calochortus apiculatus) and the bulbs were eaten in dire times by our indigenous people- while edible, the bulbs are apparently very bitter and were eaten mostly as famine food. I've tasted dahlia tubers- slightly sweet, but not the next culinary marvel by any means. Well, that was raw. Maybe when cooked they are better, like potatoes. Begonia tubers I think are edible but those I've never tasted. (Their flowers taste a little citrusy. Maybe the tubers are too.) Celeriac, the turnip-rooted celery, I'm not sure it is a true bulb but it is definitely delicious. Some of the sunflowers (Jerusalem artichoke comes to mind) also produce edible rhizomes. (Or are those tubers? I can't recall.) Balsam root (Balsamorrhiza) looks like a sunflower but isn't. It grows on the windy hills here in southern Alberta, sometimes painting entire slopes in gold in mid to late May. It produces a very large, starchy, tuberous taproot that was highly prized as a vegetable by our First Nations people. It had to be cooked first before it could be eaten but was apparently quite delicious. _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From design@moonwortstudio.com Mon, 11 Feb 2019 01:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <7d17610464ba6c4815fceb0ce44bcde0@moonwortstudio.com> From: design@moonwortstudio.com Subject: ?? small, tropical, evergreen bulbs Date: Mon, 11 Feb 2019 03:26:49 -0500 Thanks very much. I have seen G. libioniana while shopping around before. Any ideas for US sources that might have them? I saw the other note about Sinningia. I do have a few other mini gesneriads including a couple Streptocarpus and Primulina. I should get some Sinningia as well. On 2019-02-10 16:24, Eugene Zielinski wrote: > Take a look at Griffinia species, particularly Griffinia liboniana. > For higher light situations, some Ledebouria species may work, mainly > for foliage rather than flowers. > > Eugene Zielinski > Prescott Valley, Arizona > USA > > > -----Original Message----- >> From: design@moonwortstudio.com >> Sent: Feb 10, 2019 10:37 AM >> To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net >> Subject: Re: [pbs] ?? small, tropical, evergreen bulbs >> >> Hi All. >> >> I have a plant selection question. I have a special interest in >> houseplants and planted terrariums and for some of my designs I could >> really use short-statured lilies or similar plants. Most geophytes >> won't >> really work in these situations because of their dormancy cycles, but >> I >> wonder if there might any lesser known possibilities that are more >> likely to grow as evergreens and do well in more or less constant >> conditions(?). >> >> I am familiar with Eucharis lilies, although I have not grown them, >> but >> the ones I have seen are rather big. Any other ideas? >> >> Thanks for considering this! >> _______________________________________________ >> pbs mailing list >> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net >> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From makimoff76@gmail.com Mon, 11 Feb 2019 10:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <8190D433-F7C5-473D-90D4-E678BB8D3664@gmail.com> From: makimoff76@gmail.com Subject: Evolution of geophytes? Date: Mon, 11 Feb 2019 09:58:14 -0800 In the Martyn Rix book, he mentions a bulb from California with subterranean ovaries. Does anyone know which species he is referring to? Best, Mark Sent from my iPhone > On Feb 9, 2019, at 3:57 PM, David Pilling wrote: > > Hi, > >> On 09/02/2019 21:15, Paige Woodward wrote: >> Here is a dazzling paper >> I’m attaching it as a .pdf, but in case that doesn’t come through, it’s called >> PHYLOGENY, CONCERTED CONVERGENCE, AND PHYLOGENETIC NICHE >> CONSERVATISM IN THE CORE LILIALES: INSIGHTS FROM rbcL AND ndhF >> SEQUENCE DATA > > PDF from: > > https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2002.tb01334.x > > or > > https://tinyurl.com/y5ar59sd > > > > -- > David Pilling > www.davidpilling.com > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From xerantheum@gmail.com Mon, 11 Feb 2019 12:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: Nhu Nguyen Subject: ?? small, tropical, evergreen bulbs Date: Mon, 11 Feb 2019 10:06:22 -1000 Sinningias are typically high-light plants and do have a dormancy period. For generiads, there are a number of geophytic genera that generally prefer low light, but they too have a short dormancy. They're well suited for terrarium culture because many like high humidity. https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/Gesneriaceae Nhu On Sun, Feb 10, 2019 at 10:27 PM wrote: > I saw the other note about Sinningia. I do have a few other mini > gesneriads including a couple Streptocarpus and Primulina. I should get > some Sinningia as well. _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From rdb144@hotmail.com Tue, 12 Feb 2019 14:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: robert brockson Subject: Costus spectabilis Availability? Date: Tue, 12 Feb 2019 18:45:46 +0000 Hi Bernie, If you are still looking for rhizomes of costus spectabilis, I have a few small ones. I just unpotted mine to prepare for the new growing season and found 3 small rhizomes between 1 ½ - 2 1/4 long. If you are interested, let me know. I don’t want any money for these, would prefer to just pass them on to someone else. The 3 I have are at the bottom of the photo. My original rhizome was about 2 inches long when I got it last year. It grew into the one at the top of the photo in 1 season. Rob Sent from Mail for Windows 10 -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: IMG_20190212_133357394.jpg Type: image/jpeg Size: 4952040 bytes Desc: IMG_20190212_133357394.jpg URL: _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From rrherold@gmail.com Tue, 12 Feb 2019 12:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <46498cb1-8e3d-63e4-e944-5061dba0b9dd@gmail.com> From: Roy Herold Subject: Mystery bulb in South Africa garden Date: Tue, 12 Feb 2019 14:46:24 -0500 Hi, A friend has asked for an ID of this bulb growing in a garden in the Transvaal region (old name for the area north of Johannesburg). The grower says it has self seeded in an area under a pomegranate tree. Something along the lines of Homeria? --Roy NW of Boston, snowing -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: dutoit.jpg Type: image/jpeg Size: 118370 bytes Desc: not available URL: _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From george_stewart@bigpond.com Tue, 12 Feb 2019 13:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <3a9e3743.abe4c.168e36de745.Webtop.88@bigpond.com> From: GEORGE STEWART Subject: pbs Digest, Vol 24, Issue 13 Date: Wed, 13 Feb 2019 07:37:37 +1100 (AEDT) There is a remarkable species from Western Australia, Rhizanthella gardneri, the whole plant is underground, part of a three wat partnership with a mycorrhizal fungus and a shrub,More details in this article (if you can access it); THE UNDERGROUND ORCHIDS OF AUSTRALIA, Clements, Mark; Cribb, Phillip, , Curtis'S Botanical Magazine , Volume 1 (2) – May 1, 1984 George Stewart ------ Original Message ------ From: pbs-request@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net Sent: Tuesday, 12 Feb, 2019 At 11:00 PM Subject: pbs Digest, Vol 24, Issue 13 Send pbs mailing list submissions to pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to pbs-request@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net You can reach the person managing the list at pbs-owner@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific than "Re: Contents of pbs digest..." List-Post: Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? Message-ID: <8190D433-F7C5-473D-90D4-E678BB8D3664@gmail.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 In the Martyn Rix book, he mentions a bulb from California with subterranean ovaries. Does anyone know which species he is referring to? Best, Mark Sent from my iPhone > On Feb 9, 2019, at 3:57 PM, David Pilling > wrote: > > Hi, > >> On 09/02/2019 21:15, Paige Woodward wrote: >> Here is a dazzling paper >> I?m attaching it as a .pdf, but in case that doesn?t come through, >> it?s called >> PHYLOGENY, CONCERTED CONVERGENCE, AND PHYLOGENETIC NICHE >> CONSERVATISM IN THE CORE LILIALES: INSIGHTS FROM rbcL AND ndhF >> SEQUENCE DATA > > PDF from: > > > https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2002.tb01334.x > > or > > https://tinyurl.com/y5ar59sd > > > > -- > David Pilling > www.davidpilling.com > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs ------------------------------ Message: 2 Date: Mon, 11 Feb 2019 09:58:14 -0800 From: makimoff76@gmail.com To: Pacific Bulb Society Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes? Message-ID: <8190D433-F7C5-473D-90D4-E678BB8D3664@gmail.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 In the Martyn Rix book, he mentions a bulb from California with subterranean ovaries. Does anyone know which species he is referring to? Best, Mark Sent from my iPhone > On Feb 9, 2019, at 3:57 PM, David Pilling > wrote: > > Hi, > >> On 09/02/2019 21:15, Paige Woodward wrote: >> Here is a dazzling paper >> I?m attaching it as a .pdf, but in case that doesn?t come through, >> it?s called >> PHYLOGENY, CONCERTED CONVERGENCE, AND PHYLOGENETIC NICHE >> CONSERVATISM IN THE CORE LILIALES: INSIGHTS FROM rbcL AND ndhF >> SEQUENCE DATA > > PDF from: > > > https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2002.tb01334.x > > or > > https://tinyurl.com/y5ar59sd > > > > -- > David Pilling > www.davidpilling.com > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs ------------------------------ Message: 3 Date: Mon, 11 Feb 2019 10:06:22 -1000 From: Nhu Nguyen To: Pacific Bulb Society Subject: Re: [pbs] ?? small, tropical, evergreen bulbs Message-ID: Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Sinningias are typically high-light plants and do have a dormancy period. For generiads, there are a number of geophytic genera that generally prefer low light, but they too have a short dormancy. They're well suited for terrarium culture because many like high humidity. https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/Gesneriaceae Nhu On Sun, Feb 10, 2019 at 10:27 PM wrote: > I saw the other note about Sinningia. I do have a few other mini > gesneriads including a couple Streptocarpus and Primulina. I should > get > some Sinningia as well. ------------------------------ Subject: Digest Footer _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs ------------------------------ End of pbs Digest, Vol 24, Issue 13 *********************************** _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net Tue, 12 Feb 2019 13:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <1449794648.615672.1550003949228@mail.yahoo.com> From: Ernie DeMarie via pbs Subject: Mystery bulb in South Africa garden Date: Tue, 12 Feb 2019 20:39:09 +0000 (UTC) Looks like Freesia grandiflora.   I've seen it in road ditches in Malawi and it occurs in a fairly large area of summer rainfall southern Africa. Ernie DeMariein NY where it was snowing and now sleet is falling.  A few eranthis buds have appeared but are now buried, lots more bulbs blooming inside under lights.  -----Original Message----- From: Roy Herold To: Pacific Bulb Society Sent: Tue, Feb 12, 2019 2:46 pm Subject: [pbs] Mystery bulb in South Africa garden Hi, A friend has asked for an ID of this bulb growing in a garden in the Transvaal region (old name for the area north of Johannesburg). The grower says it has self seeded in an area under a pomegranate tree. Something along the lines of Homeria? --Roy NW of Boston, snowing -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: dutoit.jpg Type: image/jpeg Size: 118370 bytes Desc: not available URL: _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From dkramb@badbear.com Tue, 12 Feb 2019 14:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Dennis Kramb Subject: ?? small, tropical, evergreen bulbs Date: Tue, 12 Feb 2019 16:33:45 -0500 In my experience Sinningia bullata and its hybrids are happily and healthily evergreen when regularly watered.  Their growth becomes sprawling over the years and new tubers can form along the stem but without contacting soil they just look odd.   It's almost always in bloom as well.  Dennis in Cincinnati (growing dozens of geophytic gesneriads)  -------- Original message --------From: Nhu Nguyen Date: 2/11/19 3:06 PM (GMT-05:00) To: Pacific Bulb Society Subject: Re: [pbs] ?? small, tropical, evergreen bulbs Sinningias are typically high-light plants and do have a dormancy period. For generiads, there are a number of geophytic genera that generally prefer low light, but they too have a short dormancy. They're well suited for terrarium culture because many like high humidity. https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/Gesneriaceae Nhu On Sun, Feb 10, 2019 at 10:27 PM wrote: > I saw the other note about Sinningia. I do have a few other mini > gesneriads including a couple Streptocarpus and Primulina. I should get > some Sinningia as well. _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From design@moonwortstudio.com Tue, 12 Feb 2019 20:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: design@moonwortstudio.com Subject: ?? small, tropical, evergreen bulbs Date: Tue, 12 Feb 2019 22:17:38 -0500 Yes, the dart frog hobbyists often keep Sinningia in their setups, which are pretty much evenly moist throughout the year and don't vary much in temperature Sometimes the SInningia just randomly go into dormancy and then grow back after a while, but they persist OK long-term when grown like this. Can anybody think of additional lily-like plants that might fit the bill? I have wondered about Sisyrinchium and if there might be any more tropical species in the trade(?). On 2019-02-12 11:33, Dennis Kramb wrote: > In my experience Sinningia bullata and its hybrids are happily and > healthily evergreen when regularly watered.  Their growth becomes > sprawling over the years and new tubers can form along the stem but > without contacting soil they just look odd.   It's almost always in > bloom as well.  > Dennis in Cincinnati (growing dozens of geophytic gesneriads)  > > > -------- Original message --------From: Nhu Nguyen > Date: 2/11/19 3:06 PM (GMT-05:00) To: Pacific > Bulb Society Subject: Re: [pbs] ?? > small, tropical, evergreen bulbs > Sinningias are typically high-light plants and do have a dormancy > period. > For generiads, there are a number of geophytic genera that generally > prefer > low light, but they too have a short dormancy. They're well suited for > terrarium culture because many like high humidity. > https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/Gesneriaceae > > Nhu > > On Sun, Feb 10, 2019 at 10:27 PM wrote: > >> I saw the other note about Sinningia. I do have a few other mini >> gesneriads including a couple Streptocarpus and Primulina. I should >> get >> some Sinningia as well. > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net Wed, 13 Feb 2019 05:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <2119000181.197333.1550063097434@mail.yahoo.com> From: Richard Obrien via pbs Subject: Costus spectabilis Availability? Date: Wed, 13 Feb 2019 13:04:57 +0000 (UTC) Hi Robert, I saw your post to Bernie. I had this wonderful Costus about 10 years ago, but lost it in my moves along the way. If you ever have anymore to offer I would be happy to trade with you. I grow other Costus. Thanks, Richard -----Original Message----- From: robert brockson To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net Sent: Tue, Feb 12, 2019 4:23 pm Subject: [pbs] Costus spectabilis Availability? Hi Bernie,     If you are still looking for rhizomes of costus spectabilis, I have a few small ones. I just unpotted mine to prepare for the new growing season and found 3 small rhizomes between 1 ½ - 2 1/4 long. If you are interested, let me know. I don’t want any money for these, would prefer to just pass them on to someone else. The 3 I have are at the bottom of the photo. My original rhizome was about 2 inches long when I got it last year. It grew into the one at the top of the photo in 1 season. Rob Sent from Mail for Windows 10 -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: IMG_20190212_133357394.jpg Type: image/jpeg Size: 4952040 bytes Desc: IMG_20190212_133357394.jpg URL: _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From jane@deskhenge.com Wed, 13 Feb 2019 09:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: Jane Sargent Subject: mystery bulb in Transvaal Date: Wed, 13 Feb 2019 11:32:10 -0500 Whatever it is, I bet everybody wants one. Jane Sargent _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From wpoulsen@pacbell.net Wed, 13 Feb 2019 18:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <389EA39B-4152-4363-AF67-46E9BF9779C3@pacbell.net> From: Lee Poulsen Subject: ?? small, tropical, evergreen bulbs Date: Wed, 13 Feb 2019 17:54:29 -0800 While not common (and rather expensive per bulb), there are a few nurseries that sell Griffinia liboniana. It also shows up on eBay all the time. There is another Griffinia with even smaller leaves and plant size, G. aracensis. However, it hardly ever appears for sale anywhere, even though it is easy to grow and fairly evergreen. A related species that is probably about the size of G. liboniana, is Eithea blumenavia, which is also mainly evergreen, but with a different-colored flowered, and is very easy to care for in a humid, protected, setting. --Lee Poulsen Pasadena, California, USA - USDA Zone 10a Latitude 34°N, Altitude 1150 ft/350 m > On Feb 11, 2019, at 12:26 AM, design@moonwortstudio.com wrote: > > Thanks very much. I have seen G. libioniana while shopping around before. Any ideas for US sources that might have them? > > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From lindapwulf@gmail.com Thu, 14 Feb 2019 06:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <56E52691-6E79-4F66-A6D6-A0B8463D1C48@gmail.com> From: Linda Press Wulf Subject: Botanical tour of South Africa? Date: Thu, 14 Feb 2019 15:58:40 +0200 I would appreciate recommendations for economical ways to put together a group tour of South Africa’s Cape, including Namaqualand. The scientific director of the Jerusalem Botanical Garden, Dr Ori Fragman-Sapir, who has travelled to South Africa and Namaqualand three times, would be the botanical expert, with a particular interest in geophytes. What I need is a bus for 10-20 people and a tour guide/driver who is a) knowledgeable about plant locations and b) efficient about moving the group from place to place in the Cape. Optional add-ons could be three nights in Cape Town and three nights at Kruger National Park. Is there a recommended travel agent for these? A recommended group site at Kruger? Is it practical to ask participants to book their own international flights, or would these be the “bread and butter” to encourage a travel agency to help with the rest? As you can tell, I’m a novice at this and I would appreciate advice. My aim is to facilitate an affordable opportunity; my hope is to raise a little money for the JBG (rather than for a travel agency). Of course, you are welcome to send me your names (just to my address, lindapwulf@gmail.com, not to the whole list, please) if you would be interested in joining. The tour would be in August 2020 or August 2021, at bulb peak season (and when it is cooler in the arid parts of the northern Cape). Thank you for any advice Linda Press Wulf Born in South Africa; living mainly in Berkeley, CA (where I have adjoining summer-dry beds for South African and California natives) and partly in Israel. _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From dkramb@badbear.com Thu, 14 Feb 2019 10:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Dennis Kramb Subject: US Postal Service Date: Thu, 14 Feb 2019 13:14:08 -0500 I just had a ridiculous conversation with my local post office regarding a small padded envelope of seeds I want to ship to Europe. It measures four inches by seven inches.They told me that with the new customs label that must be attached to the front of the envelope that that's too small and I need to use a bigger envelope. And they showed me the size I'd have to use and it was MORE THAN one foot x two feet.  It was a non padded cardboard envelope. WTAF!!!!!!!!!I called them ridiculous for suggesting such nonsense and left before my anger rose.  Are they insane or did something really change in recent weeks that I can no longer send a small packet overseas? Nothing on USPS. com indicates my padded envelope is unacceptable to ship to Europe.  In fact just the opposite.  It clearly states it to be acceptable. This is so annoying as it's the office I've used to ship abroad for 19 years. Dennis in Cincinnati _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From tim@gingerwoodnursery.com Thu, 14 Feb 2019 11:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <77687081-17B2-4070-9B76-B1886BF01ADD@gingerwoodnursery.com> From: Tim Chapman Subject: US Postal Service Date: Thu, 14 Feb 2019 12:20:42 -0600 I was told there is a smaller size label/customs form available to download from the USPS website. > > I just had a ridiculous conversation with my local post office regarding a small padded envelope of seeds I want to ship to Europe. It measures four inches by seven inches.They told me that with the new customs label that must be attached to the front of the envelope that that's too small and I need to use a bigger envelope. And they showed me the size I'd have to use and it was MORE THAN one foot x two feet. It was a non padded cardboard envelope. WTAF!!!!!!!!!I called them ridiculous for suggesting such nonsense and left before my anger rose. Are they insane or did something really change in recent weeks that I can no longer send a small packet overseas? Nothing on USPS. com indicates my padded envelope is unacceptable to ship to Europe. In fact just the opposite. It clearly states it to be acceptable. This is so annoying as it's the office I've used to ship abroad for 19 years. Dennis in Cincinnati > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From sueh@mail.fresnostate.edu Thu, 14 Feb 2019 11:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: Sue Haffner Subject: US Postal Service Date: Thu, 14 Feb 2019 10:29:23 -0800 Hi, Dennis, I read your message with interest. I've been mailing seed orders for the CSSA Seed Depot for a long time and just got some of the new custom forms last week. yes, they won't work on the little envelopes that you refer to. You will need the size 0 (roughly 6 1/2 by 9 1/2); the new forms just fit on those. I haven't sent any international orders since these revised 2976 forms were issued but as far as I know the padded mailers are still okay. At least, I sure hope so. Sue Haffner, CSSA Seed Depot On Thu, Feb 14, 2019 at 10:14 AM Dennis Kramb wrote: > I just had a ridiculous conversation with my local post office regarding a > small padded envelope of seeds I want to ship to Europe. It measures four > inches by seven inches.They told me that with the new customs label that > must be attached to the front of the envelope that that's too small and I > need to use a bigger envelope. And they showed me the size I'd have to use > and it was MORE THAN one foot x two feet. It was a non padded cardboard > envelope. WTAF!!!!!!!!!I called them ridiculous for suggesting such > nonsense and left before my anger rose. Are they insane or did something > really change in recent weeks that I can no longer send a small packet > overseas? Nothing on USPS. com indicates my padded envelope is unacceptable > to ship to Europe. In fact just the opposite. It clearly states it to be > acceptable. This is so annoying as it's the office I've used to ship abroad > for 19 years. Dennis in Cincinnati > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From info@beautifulblooms.ab.ca Thu, 14 Feb 2019 11:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <003d01d4c493$a2a6bd20$e7f43760$@beautifulblooms.ab.ca> From: "Linda M Foulis" Subject: US Postal Service Date: Thu, 14 Feb 2019 11:32:24 -0700 Dennis, I've kind of had the same experience depending on which post office I go to. The customs sticker does have to go on the front, so I don't put the address on front anymore but instead write it all out on the back of my small padded envelope. My small is 9"x5" still open. If I don't specify (forcibly sometimes) that it is to go as a small packet, the rates escalate. Fortunately, my post office is getting used to me. Maybe you need to train them properly. Good luck. Linda Leslieville, AB, Canada Balmy day, it's only -20C. I have to travel 64 km to get my mail, because someone vandalized our community mail boxes, 3 weeks later no sign of it being fixed. -----Original Message----- From: pbs On Behalf Of Dennis Kramb Sent: Thursday, February 14, 2019 11:14 AM To: Pacific Bulb Society Subject: [pbs] US Postal Service I just had a ridiculous conversation with my local post office regarding a small padded envelope of seeds I want to ship to Europe. It measures four inches by seven inches.They told me that with the new customs label that must be attached to the front of the envelope that that's too small and I need to use a bigger envelope. And they showed me the size I'd have to use and it was MORE THAN one foot x two feet. It was a non padded cardboard envelope. WTAF!!!!!!!!!I called them ridiculous for suggesting such nonsense and left before my anger rose. Are they insane or did something really change in recent weeks that I can no longer send a small packet overseas? Nothing on USPS. com indicates my padded envelope is unacceptable to ship to Europe. In fact just the opposite. It clearly states it to be acceptable. This is so annoying as it's the office I've used to ship abroad for 19 years. Dennis in Cincinnati _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs --- This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software. https://www.avast.com/antivirus _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From elainej@gmail.com Thu, 14 Feb 2019 11:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <2CE70ED8-64B3-4CD3-A626-B8A379F2DE5B@gmail.com> From: Elaine Jek Subject: US Postal Service Date: Thu, 14 Feb 2019 10:33:55 -0800 What if you taped it inside a greeting card in a colorful envelope and try a different post office? Nowadays greeting cards have lots of decorations. The post office has a cardboard with a narrow slot to check the envelope thickness. Good luck! Sent from my iPhone > On Feb 14, 2019, at 10:14 AM, Dennis Kramb wrote: > > I just had a ridiculous conversation with my local post office regarding a small padded envelope of seeds I want to ship to Europe. It measures four inches by seven inches.They told me that with the new customs label that must be attached to the front of the envelope that that's too small and I need to use a bigger envelope. And they showed me the size I'd have to use and it was MORE THAN one foot x two feet. It was a non padded cardboard envelope. WTAF!!!!!!!!!I called them ridiculous for suggesting such nonsense and left before my anger rose. Are they insane or did something really change in recent weeks that I can no longer send a small packet overseas? Nothing on USPS. com indicates my padded envelope is unacceptable to ship to Europe. In fact just the opposite. It clearly states it to be acceptable. This is so annoying as it's the office I've used to ship abroad for 19 years. Dennis in Cincinnati > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From joseph.andrew.gorman@gmail.com Thu, 14 Feb 2019 12:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: Joe G Subject: US Postal Service Date: Thu, 14 Feb 2019 14:21:26 -0500 I just sent out an envelope to Greece through the USPS (literally 12 minutes ago) on a 5" x 8" bubble mailer. They took the new oversize customs declaration I filled out, entered the info into the computer, and printed out a label about an inch smaller each dimension than the envelope. -joe On Thu, Feb 14, 2019, 1:14 PM Dennis Kramb I just had a ridiculous conversation with my local post office regarding a > small padded envelope of seeds I want to ship to Europe. It measures four > inches by seven inches.They told me that with the new customs label that > must be attached to the front of the envelope that that's too small and I > need to use a bigger envelope. And they showed me the size I'd have to use > and it was MORE THAN one foot x two feet. It was a non padded cardboard > envelope. WTAF!!!!!!!!!I called them ridiculous for suggesting such > nonsense and left before my anger rose. Are they insane or did something > really change in recent weeks that I can no longer send a small packet > overseas? Nothing on USPS. com indicates my padded envelope is unacceptable > to ship to Europe. In fact just the opposite. It clearly states it to be > acceptable. This is so annoying as it's the office I've used to ship abroad > for 19 years. Dennis in Cincinnati > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net Thu, 14 Feb 2019 12:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <1736494641.1992888.1550174721408@mail.yahoo.com> From: Gregg via pbs Subject: ?? small, tropical, evergreen bulbs Date: Thu, 14 Feb 2019 20:05:21 +0000 (UTC) Not sure if this is helpful, but there is the dwarf Caladium humboldtii that may be of interest. However, it may prefer a dormant period from time to time. Mine were never more than 6in (15cm) tall. I have always found it charming. Gregg DeChirico On Tuesday, February 12, 2019, 10:17:59 PM EST, design@moonwortstudio.com wrote: Yes, the dart frog hobbyists often keep Sinningia in their setups, which are pretty much evenly moist throughout the year and don't vary much in temperature Sometimes the SInningia just randomly go into dormancy and then grow back after a while, but they persist OK long-term when grown like this. Can anybody think of additional lily-like plants that might fit the bill? I have wondered about Sisyrinchium and if there might be any more tropical species in the trade(?). On 2019-02-12 11:33, Dennis Kramb wrote: > In my experience Sinningia bullata and its hybrids are happily and > healthily evergreen when regularly watered.  Their growth becomes > sprawling over the years and new tubers can form along the stem but > without contacting soil they just look odd.   It's almost always in > bloom as well.  > Dennis in Cincinnati (growing dozens of geophytic gesneriads)  > > > -------- Original message --------From: Nhu Nguyen > Date: 2/11/19  3:06 PM  (GMT-05:00) To: Pacific > Bulb Society Subject: Re: [pbs] ?? > small, tropical, evergreen bulbs > Sinningias are typically high-light plants and do have a dormancy > period. > For generiads, there are a number of geophytic genera that generally > prefer > low light, but they too have a short dormancy. They're well suited for > terrarium culture because many like high humidity. > https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/Gesneriaceae > > Nhu > > On Sun, Feb 10, 2019 at 10:27 PM wrote: > >> I saw the other note about Sinningia. I do have a few other mini >> gesneriads including a couple Streptocarpus and Primulina. I should >> get >> some Sinningia as well. > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From david@davidpilling.com Thu, 14 Feb 2019 14:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: David Pilling Subject: US Postal Service Date: Thu, 14 Feb 2019 21:59:13 +0000 Hi, From the outside (UK) I'd assume the customs label is a matter for the receiving country, and like the ones here in an internationally agreed format. -- David Pilling www.davidpilling.com _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From gentian21@volo.net Fri, 15 Feb 2019 08:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: gentian21 Subject: US Postal Service Date: Fri, 15 Feb 2019 10:03:41 -0600 If it is not nice and flat the small packet will make it difficult for label to stay on.  If it is not perfectly flat it has the be sorted on a parcel machine so the rate is higher.  If flat it can be sorted on a flats machine where they get stacked.  Much more efficient so a letter size flat can be cheaper than a small parcel.  Most distribution for flats is machineable but small parcels sorted by hand in smaller facilities and they are a pain to stack so the PO prefers flats.  So the PO was telling you the more practical cheaper option.  Small parcels used to be cheaper until they aligned the pricing to the cost if processing.  A card is a good idea because if flat and under 1/4" it can go at letter rates.  The newer machines are much better because the pressure adjusts to the thickness rater than the thickness being absorbed by the letter.  If. Too thick it is a small parcel. Big seeds need a bubble pack.The idea is to put the label over the address to prevent it accidently not be sent to APHIS.  After inspection the label is removed showing the address.  But not showing the address makes it difficult to determine if the rating is correct so not using stamps is better.  Best is to put address on both sides.  But be careful when addressing envelopes because some countries reverse the locations of send and receive so it can cause the mail to loop.  Frequently packets are sent straight to recipient if label is on the back.  That can cause looping of the mail until a human being sees it.  Because of that it is possible to have confusion by postal workers depending on alternate reality.Sent from my Verizon, Samsung Galaxy smartphone -------- Original message --------From: Linda M Foulis Date: 2/14/19 12:32 PM (GMT-06:00) To: 'Pacific Bulb Society' Subject: Re: [pbs] US Postal Service Dennis,I've kind of had the same experience depending on which post office I go to.  The customs sticker does have to go on the front, so I don't put the address on front anymore but instead write it all out on the back of my small padded envelope.  My small is 9"x5" still open.  If I don't specify (forcibly sometimes) that it is to go as a small packet, the rates escalate.  Fortunately, my post office is getting used to me.  Maybe you need to train them properly. Good luck.Linda Leslieville, AB, CanadaBalmy day, it's only -20C.  I have to travel 64 km to get my mail, because someone vandalized our community mail boxes, 3 weeks later no sign of it being fixed.  -----Original Message-----From: pbs On Behalf Of Dennis KrambSent: Thursday, February 14, 2019 11:14 AMTo: Pacific Bulb Society Subject: [pbs] US Postal ServiceI just had a ridiculous conversation with my local post office regarding a small padded envelope of seeds I want to ship to Europe. It measures four inches by seven inches.They told me that with the new customs label that must be attached to the front of the envelope that that's too small and I need to use a bigger envelope. And they showed me the size I'd have to use and it was MORE THAN one foot x two feet.  It was a non padded cardboard envelope. WTAF!!!!!!!!!I called them ridiculous for suggesting such nonsense and left before my anger rose.  Are they insane or did something really change in recent weeks that I can no longer send a small packet overseas? Nothing on USPS. com indicates my padded envelope is unacceptable to ship to Europe.  In fact just the opposite.  It clearly states it to be acceptable. This is so annoying as it's the office I've used to ship abroad for 19 years. Dennis in Cincinnati _______________________________________________pbs mailing listpbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.nethttp://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs---This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.https://www.avast.com/antivirus_______________________________________________pbs mailing listpbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.nethttp://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From rarebulbs@suddenlink.net Sat, 16 Feb 2019 10:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <4837bb33-76d1-8548-1dbf-b9422c280ec7@suddenlink.net> From: Diana Chapman Subject: Telos Rare Bulbs web site Date: Sat, 16 Feb 2019 10:06:54 -0800 The web site for 2019 has been updated. www.telosrarebulbs.com Diana _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From rarebulbs@suddenlink.net Sun, 17 Feb 2019 09:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <9986d5b5-eb92-f42d-0371-fc1aa2e01e0a@suddenlink.net> From: Diana Chapman Subject: Telos Rare Bulbs web site Date: Sun, 17 Feb 2019 08:42:46 -0800 The changes to the web site seem to have not gone through yet. There is often a delay, but not usually this long.  Please bear with me.  Once the home page reads for 2019, all should be well.  If you have questions, don't hesitate to contact me. Diana www.telosrarebulbs.com rarebulbs@suddenlink.net _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From gardenbetter@gmail.com Mon, 18 Feb 2019 00:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: Shmuel Silinsky Subject: Botanical tour of South Africa? Date: Mon, 18 Feb 2019 09:20:26 +0200 I personally know Dr Fragman-Sapir and he gives a wonderful and insightful tour. The Jerusalem Botanical Garden has often given botanical tours to various parts of the world led by Dr Fragman-Sapir. Why don't you ask them how they do it? Great success to you in this, Shmuel Silinsky Jerusalem Israel Virus-free. www.avast.com <#DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2> _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From arlen.jose@verizon.net Mon, 18 Feb 2019 10:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <02af01d4c7b0$73700640$5a5012c0$@verizon.net> From: "Jose" Subject: Nothoscordum dialystemon help Date: Mon, 18 Feb 2019 12:36:15 -0500 Hello all, I have had this little bulb growing in pots in a sandy loam mix for years and it grows well.but no flowers. Can anyone tell me how to get them to flower? Do they need a dry/cold/resting period to initiate flowering? Any help would be greatly appreciated. Fred Biasella Cambridge (Boston) MA USDA Zone 6b Maritime _____ Scanned by McAfee R Total ProtectionT and confirmed virus-free. _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From rdevries@comcast.net Mon, 18 Feb 2019 10:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <8A9C26A1-4A98-44F2-AC2C-6AFFA741A3E1@comcast.net> From: Rimmer deVries Subject: Nothoscordum dialystemon help Date: Mon, 18 Feb 2019 11:51:27 -0600 Yes they usually bloom in winter- spring after a cool fall-winter. And go dormant in summer. Rimmer > On Feb 18, 2019, at 11:36 AM, Jose wrote: > > Hello all, > > > > I have had this little bulb growing in pots in a sandy loam mix for years > and it grows well.but no flowers. Can anyone tell me how to get them to > flower? Do they need a dry/cold/resting period to initiate flowering? Any > help would be greatly appreciated. > > > > Fred Biasella > > Cambridge (Boston) MA > > USDA Zone 6b Maritime > > > _____ > > > mail&utm_content=emailclient?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=s > ig-email&utm_content=emailclient> Scanned by McAfee > mail&utm_content=emailclient?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=s > ig-email&utm_content=emailclient> R Total ProtectionT and confirmed > virus-free. > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net Mon, 18 Feb 2019 12:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <296216969.2025476.1550519109963@mail.yahoo.com> From: Brian Whyer via pbs Subject: Nothoscordum dialystemon help Date: Mon, 18 Feb 2019 19:45:09 +0000 (UTC) Mine flowers from late autumn until spring. Never many at any one time but rarely out of flower. In unheated greenhouse so gets little frost over last few winters. Brian Whyer, UK -------------------------------------------- Yes they usually bloom in winter- spring after a cool fall-winter. And go dormant in summer. Rimmer > Hello all, > > > > I have had this little bulb growing in pots in a sandy loam mix for years > and it grows well.but no flowers. Can anyone tell me how to get them to > flower? Do they need a dry/cold/resting period to initiate flowering? Any > help would be greatly appreciated. > > > > Fred Biasella > > Cambridge (Boston) MA > > USDA Zone 6b _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From mikerumm@gmail.com Mon, 18 Feb 2019 13:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Mike Rummerfield Subject: Nothoscordum dialystemon help Date: Mon, 18 Feb 2019 12:30:13 -0800 Fred, Based on my own experience only, *Nothoscordum dialystemon *blooms best with rather heavy fertilization during active growth, especially during emergence. I consider it one of the 'heavy feeders', and use a high phosphorus, dry, organic fertilizer. I've read that it never wants to completely dry out during dormancy. I water the pots that contain the bulbs plus other plants (*Gypsophila aretioides*) during the summer, and these bloom best. However, I try to keep these pots on the less watered side. The soil in the pots containing only summer dormant bulbs is kept dry during dormancy, but never completely devoid of moisture. These bloom well (with the fertilization), but not quite as well as the ones that get some summer watering. All that said, the bulbs do seem to respond well to rather heavy watering during the period from emergence to bloom. As an aside, although this doesn't pertain to your bulbs which have been in the pots for years - in my experience, *Nothoscordum dialystemon *bulbs take a season or more to bloom after being divided. Occasionally they will not even emerge for a whole season after division, but will come out of dormancy the following season if left alone. This is one of my favorite small bulbs, with its bright, sunny yellow blooms during a drab time of year that fill the whole hoophouse with their fragrance on the very occasional sunny days that heat up the hoophouse. This is all based on my growing conditions in my minimally heated (at times, temperatures drop below 32℉) hoophouse, in western Washington zn. 7 (relative-Mediterranean), and my mixed success in growing bulbs in pots. The *Cyclamen coum, *various* Galanthus, Eranthis, **Scoliopus bigelovii* *and Crocus tomm*. were in glorious bloom two weeks ago before being covered by 25" of snow, which is melting very s l o w l y. Best of luck, Fred, Mike On Mon, Feb 18, 2019 at 9:36 AM Jose wrote: > Hello all, > > > > I have had this little bulb growing in pots in a sandy loam mix for years > and it grows well.but no flowers. Can anyone tell me how to get them to > flower? Do they need a dry/cold/resting period to initiate flowering? Any > help would be greatly appreciated. > > > > Fred Biasella > > Cambridge (Boston) MA > > USDA Zone 6b Maritime > > > _____ > > > < > https://home.mcafee.com/utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-e > > mail&utm_content=emailclient?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=s > ig-email&utm_content=emailclient > > > Scanned by McAfee > < > https://home.mcafee.com/utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-e > > mail&utm_content=emailclient?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=s > ig-email&utm_content=emailclient > > > R Total ProtectionT and confirmed > virus-free. > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From Tony@plantdelights.com Mon, 18 Feb 2019 15:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: Tony Avent Subject: Nothoscordum dialystemon help Date: Mon, 18 Feb 2019 22:38:33 +0000 We had trouble getting this to perform well until we planted it in a highly organic soil that stays soggy all year. There it exploded in both growth and flower. Tony Avent Proprietor tony@plantdelights.com Juniper Level Botanic Garden and Plant Delights Nursery Ph 919.772.4794/fx 919.772.4752 9241 Sauls Road, Raleigh, North Carolina 27603 USA USDA Zone 7b/Winter 0-5 F/Summer 95-105F "Preserving, Studying, Propagating, and Sharing the World’s Flora” [new-logo] Since 1988, Plant Delights Nursery is THE Source for unique, rare and native perennial plants. CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE: The contents of this email message and any attachments are intended solely for the addressee(s) and may contain confidential and/or privileged information and may be legally protected from disclosure. If you are not the intended recipient of this message or their agent, or if this message has been addressed to you in error, please immediately alert the sender by reply email and then delete this message and any attachments. If you are not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, copying, or storage of this message or its attachments is strictly prohibited. From: pbs On Behalf Of Mike Rummerfield Sent: Monday, February 18, 2019 3:30 PM To: Pacific Bulb Society Subject: Re: [pbs] Nothoscordum dialystemon help Fred, Based on my own experience only, *Nothoscordum dialystemon *blooms best with rather heavy fertilization during active growth, especially during emergence. I consider it one of the 'heavy feeders', and use a high phosphorus, dry, organic fertilizer. I've read that it never wants to completely dry out during dormancy. I water the pots that contain the bulbs plus other plants (*Gypsophila aretioides*) during the summer, and these bloom best. However, I try to keep these pots on the less watered side. The soil in the pots containing only summer dormant bulbs is kept dry during dormancy, but never completely devoid of moisture. These bloom well (with the fertilization), but not quite as well as the ones that get some summer watering. All that said, the bulbs do seem to respond well to rather heavy watering during the period from emergence to bloom. As an aside, although this doesn't pertain to your bulbs which have been in the pots for years - in my experience, *Nothoscordum dialystemon *bulbs take a season or more to bloom after being divided. Occasionally they will not even emerge for a whole season after division, but will come out of dormancy the following season if left alone. This is one of my favorite small bulbs, with its bright, sunny yellow blooms during a drab time of year that fill the whole hoophouse with their fragrance on the very occasional sunny days that heat up the hoophouse. This is all based on my growing conditions in my minimally heated (at times, temperatures drop below 32℉) hoophouse, in western Washington zn. 7 (relative-Mediterranean), and my mixed success in growing bulbs in pots. The *Cyclamen coum, *various* Galanthus, Eranthis, **Scoliopus bigelovii* *and Crocus tomm*. were in glorious bloom two weeks ago before being covered by 25" of snow, which is melting very s l o w l y. Best of luck, Fred, Mike On Mon, Feb 18, 2019 at 9:36 AM Jose wrote: > Hello all, > > > > I have had this little bulb growing in pots in a sandy loam mix for years > and it grows well.but no flowers. Can anyone tell me how to get them to > flower? Do they need a dry/cold/resting period to initiate flowering? Any > help would be greatly appreciated. > > > > Fred Biasella > > Cambridge (Boston) MA > > USDA Zone 6b Maritime > > > _____ > > > < > https://home.mcafee.com/utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-e > > mail&utm_content=emailclient?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=s > ig-email&utm_content=emailclient > > > Scanned by McAfee > < > https://home.mcafee.com/utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-e > > mail&utm_content=emailclient?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=s > ig-email&utm_content=emailclient > > > R Total ProtectionT and confirmed > virus-free. > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs ________________________________ _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From mmattus@charter.net Mon, 18 Feb 2019 15:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: Matt Mattus Subject: Nothoscordum dialystemon help Date: Mon, 18 Feb 2019 17:49:15 -0500 I'll add that the Northoscordum (Ipheon) dialystemon in my greenhouse blooms moderately well, 2 or 3 flowers at a time with a pot that sits in a damp, if not soaking wet, raised sand bed all winter and then goes bone dry and hot on a high bench in the summer. I've never fed mine consciously, but maybe a splash of a low N fert once in the winter. I never noticed if it was fragrant, though. It's in bloom right now, so time to check (not that my nose catches every scent in the greenhouse! There are some fragrant plants that I cannot smell at all, yet right now - a pot of Sarcococca hookeriana is taking over the fragrance notes). Matt Mattus Worcester, MA USDA Zone 5b On 2/18/19, 5:38 PM, "pbs on behalf of Tony Avent" wrote: We had trouble getting this to perform well until we planted it in a highly organic soil that stays soggy all year. There it exploded in both growth and flower. Tony Avent Proprietor tony@plantdelights.com Juniper Level Botanic Garden and Plant Delights Nursery Ph 919.772.4794/fx 919.772.4752 9241 Sauls Road, Raleigh, North Carolina 27603 USA USDA Zone 7b/Winter 0-5 F/Summer 95-105F "Preserving, Studying, Propagating, and Sharing the World’s Flora” [new-logo] Since 1988, Plant Delights Nursery is THE Source for unique, rare and native perennial plants. > > USDA Zone 6b Maritime > > > _____ > > > < > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs ________________________________ _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From arlen.jose@verizon.net Mon, 18 Feb 2019 15:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <02de01d4c7df$62e31270$28a93750$@verizon.net> From: "Jose" Subject: Nothoscordum dialystemon help Date: Mon, 18 Feb 2019 18:12:13 -0500 Thank you all for your help and input. It seems like a repot into a different growing mix is in order and a change in its cooling/dormancy as well. Very Warm Regards and Thanks, Fred Scanned by McAfee® Total Protection and confirmed virus-free. Find out more here: https://bit.ly/2zCJMrO _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From gardenbetter@gmail.com Thu, 21 Feb 2019 08:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Shmuel Silinsky Subject: Succulent-Smugglers Descend on California | The New Yorker Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2019 17:44:05 +0200 > Thanks. I remember stumbling upon a small population of Dudleyas in > Calfornia near LA. They were clinging to the vertical side of a small > bridge and I just stood there in awe for awhile. I do have a couple of > them on my marpeset. Virus-free. www.avast.com <#DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2> _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From 867ykcor@cox.net Thu, 21 Feb 2019 14:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <004b01d4ca2f$aea7c050$0bf740f0$@cox.net> From: "XYZ2 in Virginia" <867ykcor@cox.net> Subject: For Robert Brockson RE: Costus spectabilis Availability? Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2019 16:52:03 -0500 Hi Rob, I replied to your email below on Feb 13, but I had not heard back from you yet. So, I thought I'd use the PBS list in case my prior emails did not reach you, or they are in your spam folder. Yes, by all means I am interested in your offer for Costus spectabilis rhizomes. Would you please contact me at my email address of 867ykcor768@cox.net? Or, if you find my earlier emails, I've already sent you my mailing address. And, I'd be happy to pay for postage and handling. Thanks for your generous offer. I appreciate it. I look forward to hearing from you. Regards, Bern -----Original Message----- From: robert brockson To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net Sent: Tue, Feb 12, 2019 4:23 pm Subject: [pbs] Costus spectabilis Availability? Hi Bernie, If you are still looking for rhizomes of costus spectabilis, I have a few small ones. I just unpotted mine to prepare for the new growing season and found 3 small rhizomes between 1 ½ - 2 1/4 long. If you are interested, let me know. I don’t want any money for these, would prefer to just pass them on to someone else. The 3 I have are at the bottom of the photo. My original rhizome was about 2 inches long when I got it last year. It grew into the one at the top of the photo in 1 season. Rob Sent from Mail for Windows 10 -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: IMG_20190212_133357394.jpg Type: image/jpeg Size: 4952040 bytes Desc: IMG_20190212_133357394.jpg URL: _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From crystalfisher912@gmail.com Thu, 21 Feb 2019 17:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Crystal Fisher Subject: I'm a newbie, please bear with my note Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2019 19:12:09 -0600 Hello, I knew when I joined that I wouldn’t recognize a lot of bulbs from the west coast. So, it didn’t come as any surprised. I only have a few that I watch very carefully here in Central Texas. As a Bell County Master Garden who is in charge of and supervising the Seed Saving group - from which is springing forth from the 5,000 seeds that I’ve turned over to them (thank God they didn’t make be bring them home), I’ve come to learn quite a bit, up close and personal. I’ll probably pay closer attention to all the emails once summer gets closer. And, likewise, this will probably be my only year to be included in your membership, which is not a problem. However, I’d like to make a suggestion. Of course, it’s probably something you already have in place and my few words of wisdom will lack the punch they need to be heard. But, here goes. As I supervise our Newbies who graduated at the end of last Spring, I’m very away that they all left to go home and work in their own yard (which I co-chairing our large greenhouse). But, this year, being in charge of the seeds, I’m seeing that it’s only Newbies who volunteered. Many because they are still so intimidated by the more mature Master Gardeners that helping to stuff envelopes is probably something they felt very secure in doing. After watching and supervising, I’m personally taking it on to offer a tour through properties nearby for one reason or another… and they are jumping at it…. all 8 of them. And tomorrow, they’ll hear about the NPSOT meetings above the Temple Library. The Native Plant Society of Texas is a remarkable organization. Lo and behold, this month’s meeting is a Seed Swap. We have some awesome native seeds that many of us are unfamiliar with… which leads me to this note. I’d like to be able to tell them about you and all the marvelous bulbs that they are unaware even exist. So, here is my suggestion. As a means of increasing your membership, who don’t you offer a ONE month FREE subscription so the can come in and wander around your website and later… determine if they want to join for the year. I don’t mind tell telling them that our heat and yearly drought won’t even begun to be discussed by everyone till this summer. But, by then, I’ll be familiar enough which how this website works that I expect the be able to get my money’s worth for the year in all of 3-4 months. This is the challenge that I want you to consider. Why not offer one FREE month, any month of anyone’s choosing, so that, like my self, they can get into and dig around to see what the possibilities are and see if they might want to join for the year. Being Newbies, they’d probably be so intimidated that they’d hesitate to even check out you out on the web. I did that before I joined. But, IF I could advise them to follow my path, become familiar with all the bulbs that the rest of you can grow and just wait till the heat arrives, just maybe they can figure out by then, that they’ll want to join to. Beyond my own experience I can’t tell them any more. But, I think it’s something to consider. I know they can get in and wander around, just like I did. But, until you have access to your whole website, no holes barred, then you can’t truly appreciate all the emails from people who “live on the other side of the US from Texas”. After all, it wouldn’t be something you’d even have to repeat. Why not try it for a couple of years given it a little bit of press to read to familiarize themselves with how it will work… that you’ll never know whether you would have garnered a larger subscription base. After all, I have no idea how many you have now or how many are even from Texas. All I’m suggesting is that you think about it. I’d sure love to be able to direct people to your site who would love to grow bulbs and get their feet wet. I found that my Newbies have no idea about the bulbs they can grow. I mentioned the Rain Lily, zephranthes, yesterday. One lady spoke up because she already has a yard of Rain Lies. And I stopped her right there because I knew she had no idea about what she was talking about. Yes, it was the natives with the very small blooms. But, then, they all started listening… and I told them that I’d give them each a couple of bulbs. Mine are so large, I’m stills search the internet to find out just how large Zephranthes Drumondii can/will grow. In the meantime, when they get their first two bulbs, I’ll be giving them all sorts of instructions. I’ve already mesmerized them because they thought it took rain to make them bloom. Bless their little hearts. So, I’ll help them grow their first real ones and mother hen till I know they’ve have blooms and how to start those seeds and what success they re having with their first Rain Lilies. Then, I’ll have to stop working on my yard that truly needs my help and lead them through a bulb chipping class. To see their first efforts of a chipped bulb setting forth life will introduce them to a whole new area that they knew nothing about. And then we’ll discuss Crinums and everything else that comes to mind part from the basic Paperwhite Narcissus, Oxbloods, long past the Grape Hyacinths into a much broader range of bulbs that they never knew existed… and this is when they need have joined months earlier so they can truly decide if they want to pursue the unknown. And therein lies my humble suggestion… for what it’s worth. Thanks for listening. I missed the Bulb sale or swap or whatever it was. Wouldn’t it be nice if one of the old timers would take me under their wing and get me farther along than I am… much like what I’ll be doing for our Newbies. While I graduated in ’06, I can do my own research. But, sometimes nothing beats actually talking to someone mentoring my humble level. Thanks for being so kind to read my note as you shake your head over my equally humble suggestions. And thanks for being there when I’m ready to come back in a few months and get serious about digging around in here when it’s so hot that only my salvias are growing that they’ll give me the needed break to spend the time on the internet. (BTW, I really do have more drought tolerant plants and varieties that just salvias… just a bit of garden humor there). Thanks. I’ll see you guys again come summertime. Crystal Fisher Temple, Texas Bell County Master Gardener. Class of ‘06 _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From david@davidpilling.com Thu, 21 Feb 2019 18:17:05 -0800 Message-Id: <6f7967c3-a99d-dd98-5809-cdf056470c89@davidpilling.com> From: David Pilling Subject: I'm a newbie, please bear with my note Date: Fri, 22 Feb 2019 01:16:59 +0000 Hi Crystal, Access to the PBS website/wiki and this mail list is free for as long as you like. Membership of the PBS is paid for and gives access to the BX (bulb exchange) and Bulb Garden newsletter. There are some free copies of the newsletter on the website, and obviously people can see what has been available in past BX. -- David Pilling www.davidpilling.com _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From crystalfisher912@gmail.com Thu, 21 Feb 2019 18:17:05 -0800 Message-Id: <50C4AC9F-4532-47A6-9EA9-A353F59C220A@gmail.com> From: Crystal Fisher Subject: I'm a newbie, please bear with my note Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2019 19:20:58 -0600 Thanks David. Maybe I can learn more about the Bulb Exchange so I can participate in the future to make my membership more worthwhile. I appreciate such a fast response. Gracious. One would think you don’t have more to do. But, I know better. :-)… and also know you probably have so many drop dead gorgeous bulbs that I’ll ever see if my life. Thx for the response. Crystal One question: How frequently do you have a BX? Are the bulbs purchased by the Society and put up for the BX or are many given to the exchange. I just want to know how that works. Thx. > On Feb 21, 2019, at 7:16 PM, David Pilling wrote: > > Hi Crystal, > > Access to the PBS website/wiki and this mail list is free for as long as you like. > > > Membership of the PBS is paid for and gives access to the BX (bulb exchange) and Bulb Garden newsletter. There are some free copies of the newsletter on the website, and obviously people can see what has been available in past BX. > > > -- > David Pilling > www.davidpilling.com > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From david@davidpilling.com Thu, 21 Feb 2019 18:17:05 -0800 Message-Id: <073cc69a-8f5f-8106-9489-71b5144e69a3@davidpilling.com> From: David Pilling Subject: I'm a newbie, please bear with my note Date: Fri, 22 Feb 2019 01:32:53 +0000 Hi Crystal, On 22/02/2019 01:20, Crystal Fisher wrote: > One question: How frequently do you have a BX? "From 7/22/2002 through 12/17/2011 there were 300 BX offerings, and over 5500 items" You can download the first 300BX lists from: https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/bx.html We're up to BX453. Also SX seed exchanges sometimes. The BX and SX also appear in the archives of this list: https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbslist?q=title:Pacifix%20Bulb%20Society%20BX >Are the bulbs purchased by the Society and put up for the BX or are many given to the exchange. All donated by PBS members. -- David Pilling www.davidpilling.com _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From crystalfisher912@gmail.com Thu, 21 Feb 2019 18:17:05 -0800 Message-Id: <126CDDD4-2A2F-4F97-AB0E-F5A98E00BE77@gmail.com> From: Crystal Fisher Subject: I'm a newbie, please bear with my note Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2019 20:01:08 -0600 Oh David, I’m so glad that I asked. I thought I missed this window of opportunity. Looks like I know where I’ll be sitting all weekend. And come a future BX, my little bulbs will be in there, too. Thanks for the guidance, I needed that. Crystal > On Feb 21, 2019, at 7:32 PM, David Pilling wrote: > > Hi Crystal, > > On 22/02/2019 01:20, Crystal Fisher wrote: >> One question: How frequently do you have a BX? > > "From 7/22/2002 through 12/17/2011 there were 300 BX offerings, and over 5500 items" > > You can download the first 300BX lists from: > > https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/bx.html > > We're up to BX453. Also SX seed exchanges sometimes. > > The BX and SX also appear in the archives of this list: > > https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbslist?q=title:Pacifix%20Bulb%20Society%20BX > >> Are the bulbs purchased by the Society and put up for the BX or are many given to the exchange. > All donated by PBS members. > > -- > David Pilling > www.davidpilling.com > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From fritchick@gmail.com Thu, 21 Feb 2019 19:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <6CCDE5FB-C207-4D9A-9020-716E40648D50@gmail.com> From: Bridget Wosczyna Subject: I'm a newbie, please bear with my note Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2019 21:20:58 -0500 Crystal, you’re in for a treat. The BX and SX are amazing. The generosity and knowledge of members is astonishing. I feel so fortunate to be a part of this community. Bridget In Southeastern PA Where we had snow and ice yesterday and temps in the 50’s today. But the eranthis and galanthus are blooming, the jeffersonia in the cold-frame is blooming (the ground was frozen when it arrived in December and I had no choice), the plant catalogs are still arriving, the local plant sales start in 2 weeks and I think I’ve made it through another winter. > On Feb 21, 2019, at 9:01 PM, Crystal Fisher wrote: > > Oh David, I’m so glad that I asked. I thought I missed this window of opportunity. Looks like I know where I’ll be sitting all weekend. And come a future BX, my little bulbs will be in there, too. > > Thanks for the guidance, I needed that. > Crystal > > > > >> On Feb 21, 2019, at 7:32 PM, David Pilling wrote: >> >> Hi Crystal, >> >>> On 22/02/2019 01:20, Crystal Fisher wrote: >>> One question: How frequently do you have a BX? >> >> "From 7/22/2002 through 12/17/2011 there were 300 BX offerings, and over 5500 items" >> >> You can download the first 300BX lists from: >> >> https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/bx.html >> >> We're up to BX453. Also SX seed exchanges sometimes. >> >> The BX and SX also appear in the archives of this list: >> >> https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbslist?q=title:Pacifix%20Bulb%20Society%20BX >> >>> Are the bulbs purchased by the Society and put up for the BX or are many given to the exchange. >> All donated by PBS members. >> >> -- >> David Pilling >> www.davidpilling.com >> _______________________________________________ >> pbs mailing list >> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net >> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From crystalfisher912@gmail.com Thu, 21 Feb 2019 19:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <999ADC7E-9153-441A-B82E-00C3F161F257@gmail.com> From: Crystal Fisher Subject: I'm a newbie, please bear with my note Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2019 20:28:49 -0600 Bridget, Thank you so much for addressing the question that I have about the BX and SX. I haven’t had the opportunity to look into it yet. Being from Central Texas, I’m not sure that the West Coast would be be interested in exchanging any bulbs with me. I’ve got to pour over that information, probably this weekend. All my bulbs have to be hot weather bulbs. But, maybe someone will be interested. I don’t know how your BX works - whether you find something that someone has and arrange to exchange directly with them. But, I’ll learn once I get into and dig a little deeper. I’m encouraged to do that now. I’ve been watching your weather up there. I have a couple of friends who live in Bronx, so I follow their weather pretty carefully. Northern US was hit real hard this year with all that snow. I have no idea how ya’ll make it up there. I hope it moves on pretty soon, but sure looks like a line struck out through that entire area. Stay warm. Thank God you have a blessing of seeing your bulbs bloom. Our death is somewhere in the 60s with no blooms in site. No snow either. Thx again, Crystal > On Feb 21, 2019, at 8:20 PM, Bridget Wosczyna wrote: > > Crystal, you’re in for a treat. The BX and SX are amazing. The generosity and knowledge of members is astonishing. I feel so fortunate to be a part of this community. > > Bridget > In Southeastern PA > Where we had snow and ice yesterday and temps in the 50’s today. But the eranthis and galanthus are blooming, the jeffersonia in the cold-frame is blooming (the ground was frozen when it arrived in December and I had no choice), the plant catalogs are still arriving, the local plant sales start in 2 weeks and I think I’ve made it through another winter. > >> On Feb 21, 2019, at 9:01 PM, Crystal Fisher wrote: >> >> Oh David, I’m so glad that I asked. I thought I missed this window of opportunity. Looks like I know where I’ll be sitting all weekend. And come a future BX, my little bulbs will be in there, too. >> >> Thanks for the guidance, I needed that. >> Crystal >> >> >> >> >>> On Feb 21, 2019, at 7:32 PM, David Pilling wrote: >>> >>> Hi Crystal, >>> >>>> On 22/02/2019 01:20, Crystal Fisher wrote: >>>> One question: How frequently do you have a BX? >>> >>> "From 7/22/2002 through 12/17/2011 there were 300 BX offerings, and over 5500 items" >>> >>> You can download the first 300BX lists from: >>> >>> https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/bx.html >>> >>> We're up to BX453. Also SX seed exchanges sometimes. >>> >>> The BX and SX also appear in the archives of this list: >>> >>> https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbslist?q=title:Pacifix%20Bulb%20Society%20BX >>> >>>> Are the bulbs purchased by the Society and put up for the BX or are many given to the exchange. >>> All donated by PBS members. >>> >>> -- >>> David Pilling >>> www.davidpilling.com >>> _______________________________________________ >>> pbs mailing list >>> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net >>> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs >> >> _______________________________________________ >> pbs mailing list >> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net >> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From wpoulsen@pacbell.net Thu, 21 Feb 2019 21:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Lee Poulsen Subject: I'm a newbie, please bear with my note Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2019 21:13:58 -0800 Hi Crystal, You’ll find taking advantage of BXs and SXs very easy. Albert Stella periodically posts a list in an email to this list of what’s available, and you send him an email (to his private email address!) requesting what you’d like to get and some weeks later, almost like magic, you’ll get a package with many to most of the items you requested, depending on how much of each species was donated, along with a slip telling you how much to pay. It doesn’t matter how rare or common a species is, the price per packet or bulb is constant. It’s also really easy to donate seeds or extra bulbs. Just send them to Albert whenever you have them and eventually they’ll show up in a future BX or SX list. You’ll also get credit towards your next BX/SX purchase! And don’t be shy to send in something you think of as ordinary. Someone somewhere else will want it! Also, even though the official name of the organization is *Pacific* Bulb Society, it’s not really Pacific Coast-oriented even though there are quite a few people around the entire Pacific Ocean rim that belong. Really, it covers bulbs from any location in the world, and people from anywhere in the world have joined either this list or the organization. (I think that maybe the “Pacific” part of PBS’s name meant that the bulb could grow or is grown somewhere along the Pacific Rim. But I think pretty much every climate type in the world exists somewhere around the Pacific Rim, so that means de facto any bulb from anywhere in the world and those who grow them can belong to PBS…) :-) Since I grew up and went to college near you (Austin, Texas) and my parents and family still live there, it holds a special place in my heart. That’s why I pay more attention when I see that someone is from that area. There are (or were) several people living in that area who belong to PBS. And a couple of them somehow manage to grow quite a few of the species that we grow here in California. It’s surprising to me what they grow (for example from the Cape province of South Africa!). So my suggestion is to not be afraid to try things from other regions of the world. They might just do well where you live (despite the heat). And others will grow very well there with just a little protection or a little extra care (like giving them a little extra water or conversely protecting them from rain when they’re dormant, or covering them when it gets a little too cold or even trying a few in an unheated greenhouse or plastic frame). There are even some old-time or “heirloom” bulbs that do very well in Texas that were never from Texas or the South. Species such as Roman Hyacinths (Hyacinthus orientalis) or Narcissus/Daffodils (in particular from Divisions 7 or 8) or Sternbergia lutea or Muscari neglectum grape hyacinth) from the Mediterranean. Or some of the species Tulips from Central Asia. Or Lycoris radiata (red spider lily) from China. Or Rhodophiala bifida (oxblood lily) from Argentina (and which naturalized around Austin). Or Johnson’s amaryllis (Hippeastrum ×johnsonii), a very hardy hybrid made from two species from South America. Or the cannas from the more tropical parts of the Americas and Asia, or the gingers from the more tropical parts of Asia. And along with all the rain lilies that are native, there are a bunch more that will grow in Texas from Mexico and Brazil and Argentina. In fact, I wouldn’t be surprised if a lot of Argentine bulb species would do just fine in Texas. I’ve had the opportunity to visit several areas in Argentina, and there are parts of that country that you would swear you were in the hill country of Central Texas, and which have a fairly similar annual climate pattern. You’re probably already aware of the different books that are out there describing bulbs that will grow in Texas, such as “Heirloom Bulbs for Today” and “The Bulb Hunter” by Chris Weisinger and “A Gardener’s Guide to Growing Bulbs on the Gulf Coast” by Sally McQueen Squire (which is an expanded version of “The Complete Guide to Growing Bulbs in Houston”). These mention even more different species you can grow there. But IMO the two best bulb books for Texas (and a lot of other places!) written by two different people, one who lived in San Antonio and the other who lives in Austin, are “Bulbs for Warm Climates” by Thad M Howard and “Garden Bulbs for the South” by Scott Ogden. Conversely, there are a lot of people both on the U.S. West Coast and in other parts of the U.S. and the world that grow or try to grow things you find easy. One of the best hobbyist rain lily growers I’ve “met” lives and gardens in New Zealand, for example. I (who now live in southern California) have been wanting to grow Nemastylis geminiflora (Celestial lily), but I’ve never seen seed of it offered anywhere. However, a friend of mine who lives just outside of Austin has them growing wild on his property, and I’ve made him promise to send me a few bulbs of it when they bloom this spring (since that’s the only time he knows where they’re growing!). I think you’ll find PBS members and list members from every kind of climate and location throughout the world who all love bulbs no matter where they originate from and are all willing to try something that they may have never heard of before but that might just end up growing well in their area. (I hope you’ve perused the amazing Photographs and Information section of the PBS wiki put together entirely by volunteers!) Welcome! --Lee Poulsen Pasadena, California, USA - USDA Zone 10a Latitude 34°N, Altitude 1150 ft/350 m > On Feb 21, 2019, at 6:28 PM, Crystal Fisher wrote: > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From wpoulsen@pacbell.net Thu, 21 Feb 2019 22:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <5925D85D-9E3B-497C-A900-27E2534558E9@pacbell.net> From: Lee Poulsen Subject: Nothoscordum dialystemon help Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2019 21:32:26 -0800 I’ll just throw in my experience growing it in mediterranean southern California. It kind of grows and multiplies like a weed just by letting it get our winter rainfall and cool temperatures and endure its dormancy during our dry summers—even though it comes from the east coast of the southern half of South America and gets summer rainfall. I have to grow them in 2 or 5 gallon (20cm or 30 cm diameter) pots because they too quickly fill and crowd a 1 gallon (16cm) pot. The more I feed them, the better they grow and bloom. But they bloom every late winter; some years the entire pot is covered with yellow blossoms. I leave them out in full sun all winter long. (The leaves first emerge in late autumn.) They smell like honey to me. They sure act like they’re mediterranean climate plants even though they’re not. --Lee Poulsen Pasadena, California, USA - USDA Zone 10a Latitude 34°N, Altitude 1150 ft/350 m > On Feb 18, 2019, at 9:36 AM, Jose wrote: > > Hello all, > > > > I have had this little bulb growing in pots in a sandy loam mix for years > and it grows well.but no flowers. Can anyone tell me how to get them to > flower? Do they need a dry/cold/resting period to initiate flowering? Any > help would be greatly appreciated. > > > > Fred Biasella > > Cambridge (Boston) MA > > USDA Zone 6b Maritime > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From johannes-ulrich-urban@t-online.de Fri, 22 Feb 2019 01:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <48A1E267-5D62-4362-95A3-9FF9FE4A403B@t-online.de> From: Johannes-Ulrich Urban Subject: BX and more Date: Fri, 22 Feb 2019 08:31:14 +0000 Hello Crystal, Nice to read your suggestions and to hear about your activities. The PBS is not at all limited to the United States. I am one of very many foreign members and have lived in Germany until I moved to Portugal in 2017. I have also donated seeds to the BX. The term BX does not necessarily mean that bulbs only are offered, in fact it is mostly seed which is easier and cheaper to ship. But sometimes even very big bulbs like Crinum are offered. Soooo many plants in my garden carry a PBS label......There are members all over the world and their knowledge put together in this society is enormous. And in general, there is always a very friendly and exhaustive response to any questions asked in this forum. So why do you only want to stay for a year with us? Greetings from spring in Portugal, Oxalis, Lachenalia, Narcissus, Acacia, Arctotis in full flower. Uli _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From fbiasella@watertownsavings.com Fri, 22 Feb 2019 07:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <196123953652431fa269968a35dabd01@S1P7MBX2C.EXCHPROD.USA.NET> From: Fred Biasella Subject: Nothoscordum dialystemon help Date: Fri, 22 Feb 2019 14:34:42 +0000 Hi Lee, Thank you for help and response :-))) Since I'm in the cold north, I have to grow them in post exclusively but they do go outdoors in the summer and in full sun. I tried to follow their native growing medium of a powdery sand and soil mix but they still don't flower. What type of medium do you use or what do you recommend? Also, what do you feed them and how often? Thank You and Warm Regards, Fred -----Original Message----- From: pbs On Behalf Of Lee Poulsen Sent: Friday, February 22, 2019 12:32 AM To: Pacific Bulb Society Subject: Re: [pbs] Nothoscordum dialystemon help I’ll just throw in my experience growing it in mediterranean southern California. It kind of grows and multiplies like a weed just by letting it get our winter rainfall and cool temperatures and endure its dormancy during our dry summers—even though it comes from the east coast of the southern half of South America and gets summer rainfall. I have to grow them in 2 or 5 gallon (20cm or 30 cm diameter) pots because they too quickly fill and crowd a 1 gallon (16cm) pot. The more I feed them, the better they grow and bloom. But they bloom every late winter; some years the entire pot is covered with yellow blossoms. I leave them out in full sun all winter long. (The leaves first emerge in late autumn.) They smell like honey to me. They sure act like they’re mediterranean climate plants even though they’re not. --Lee Poulsen Pasadena, California, USA - USDA Zone 10a Latitude 34°N, Altitude 1150 ft/350 m > On Feb 18, 2019, at 9:36 AM, Jose wrote: > > Hello all, > > > > I have had this little bulb growing in pots in a sandy loam mix for > years and it grows well.but no flowers. Can anyone tell me how to get > them to flower? Do they need a dry/cold/resting period to initiate > flowering? Any help would be greatly appreciated. > > > > Fred Biasella > > Cambridge (Boston) MA > > USDA Zone 6b Maritime > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From wpoulsen@pacbell.net Fri, 22 Feb 2019 10:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <1E9CD6D0-4CA7-467A-BA00-0AAE433D9A71@pacbell.net> From: Lee Poulsen Subject: Nothoscordum dialystemon help Date: Fri, 22 Feb 2019 09:54:44 -0800 They can easily handle light frosts around freezing or slightly below in the morning. I think what they want is a lot of sunlight while they’re growing and hopefully flowering. Flowers have just started appearing in my pots, but this has been an unusually chilly winter. I think you could put them outside in full sunlight under an overhang, like up against a southern wall of your house under the eaves, as soon as the weather stays consistently above about 30°F. I don’t use any special kind of mix, probably half organic (peat, shredded/composted plant matter) and half inorganic for good drainage (pumice, perlite, crushed lava rock, fired clay). Since I have a day job and teenagers, I’ve settled on using a controlled-release pellet fertilizer the beginning of each growing season. After a lengthy online conversation maybe 15 years ago on one of the bulb forums about this type of fertilizer, I switched from Osmocote to Apex brand (made by Simplot). They have *all* kinds of formulations, and it can be found at a few agricultural supply stores around the SoCal area. I think it’s carried in most states in the U.S. as well as most states in Australia, too. (Don’t know about Europe.) But not every formulation is carried by any one store. It comes in 50lb/23kg bags. I usually try to get the 8-9 month at 70°F NPK Max or NPK Plus formulations (which include micronutrients). Here’s a link to a brochure that describes all the formulations they make: . If you want data sheets on each of the formulations, use the left-hand column on this page: . They also have a nice page on the controlled-release coating they developed and use: . There are probably equally good competitive products out there, but this one has worked well for me and I can find it locally. --Lee Poulsen Pasadena, California, USA - USDA Zone 10a Latitude 34°N, Altitude 1150 ft/350 m > On Feb 22, 2019, at 6:34 AM, Fred Biasella wrote: > > Hi Lee, > > Thank you for help and response :-))) Since I'm in the cold north, I have to grow them in post exclusively but they do go outdoors in the summer and in full sun. I tried to follow their native growing medium of a powdery sand and soil mix but they still don't flower. What type of medium do you use or what do you recommend? Also, what do you feed them and how often? > > Thank You and Warm Regards, > Fred > > -----Original Message----- > From: pbs On Behalf Of Lee Poulsen > Sent: Friday, February 22, 2019 12:32 AM > To: Pacific Bulb Society > Subject: Re: [pbs] Nothoscordum dialystemon help > > I’ll just throw in my experience growing it in mediterranean southern California. It kind of grows and multiplies like a weed just by letting it get our winter rainfall and cool temperatures and endure its dormancy during our dry summers—even though it comes from the east coast of the southern half of South America and gets summer rainfall. I have to grow them in 2 or 5 gallon (20cm or 30 cm diameter) pots because they too quickly fill and crowd a 1 gallon (16cm) pot. The more I feed them, the better they grow and bloom. But they bloom every late winter; some years the entire pot is covered with yellow blossoms. I leave them out in full sun all winter long. (The leaves first emerge in late autumn.) They smell like honey to me. They sure act like they’re mediterranean climate plants even though they’re not. > > --Lee Poulsen > Pasadena, California, USA - USDA Zone 10a Latitude 34°N, Altitude 1150 ft/350 m > >> On Feb 18, 2019, at 9:36 AM, Jose wrote: >> >> Hello all, >> >> >> >> I have had this little bulb growing in pots in a sandy loam mix for >> years and it grows well.but no flowers. Can anyone tell me how to get >> them to flower? Do they need a dry/cold/resting period to initiate >> flowering? Any help would be greatly appreciated. >> >> >> >> Fred Biasella >> >> Cambridge (Boston) MA >> >> USDA Zone 6b Maritime >> > > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From msittner@mcn.org Fri, 22 Feb 2019 14:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: <879415f2-be58-e5bd-7209-769e9f269f7a@mcn.org> From: Mary Sue Ittner Subject: BX 453 #11 Date: Fri, 22 Feb 2019 13:25:45 -0800 For anyone receiving the Albuca I donated to the latest BX as # 11, John Manning has identified it as Albuca virens (previously Ornithogalum tenuifolium). I've moved it to Albuca virens. https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/Albuca_virens Mary Sue _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From cortocora@gmail.com Sat, 23 Feb 2019 01:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: "L. Cortopassi - G. Corazza" Subject: Iris marica/marsica Date: Sat, 23 Feb 2019 09:51:55 +0100 To whom it may concern. In the last SX 11 Iris marsica was mispelled as Iris marica. The right name is Iris marsica. It is endemic to a few mountains in central Italy. Gianluca Corazza, Italy. _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From bulbexchange@gmail.com Sat, 23 Feb 2019 07:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: "Bulb Exchange!" Subject: Pacific Bulb Society BX 454 Date: Sat, 23 Feb 2019 10:03:24 -0500 Dear All, The items listed below have been donated by our members and friends to be shared. If you are interested in obtaining some of them, please email me PRIVATELY at: bulbexchange@gmail.com Include "BX 454” in the subject line. *SPECIFY THE ITEM NUMBERS. DO NOT SPECIFY QUANTITIES. PLEASE INCLUDE YOUR SNAIL MAIL ADDRESS, too*. Availability is based on a first come, first served system. When you receive your seeds/bulbs you will find, included with them, a statement of how much money you owe (usually $2.00 – $5.00 per share of seeds or bulbs + postage and packaging charges), and instructions about how to pay. PAYMENT IS DUE AS SOON AS YOU RECEIVE YOUR PACKAGE. Many of you are subscribers to this pbs elist which is free, but are not members of the Pacific Bulb Society which has a yearly membership charge. THIS BX OFFERING IS AVAILABLE ONLY TO UP-TO-DATE MEMBERS of the Pacific Bulb Society. If you are not a member, consider joining so that you can take advantage of future offers such as this. Go to our website: < http://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/> If you would like to donate seeds or bulbs/corms to the PBS, please send CLEAN, clearly labeled plant materials to: Albert Stella 4403 Graceland Ct. Raleigh, NC 27606 USA Donors will receive credit on the BX for the cost of postage for their donations. Non US donors should contact Al for instructions before sending seeds. ALL ORDERS TO THE FOLLOWING EMAIL ADDRESS ONLY. Al’s email address: bulbexchange@gmail.com Do not hit the reply tab or you will reply to all PBS members by mistake. I WILL REPLY TO YOU WITHIN 24 HRS OF MY RECEIPT OF YOUR ORDER. IF YOU DO NOT HEAR FROM ME, TRY AGAIN !! From Rimmer deVries 1. Clivia 'Sahin Yellow' seeds- always produces yellow seedlings 2. Clivia 'Sahin Treasure Chest' seeds - can be yellow, red, orange, peach, etc. 3. Clivia 'Vivo Yellow' x 'Solomon Yellow' - ex Jim Shields 4. Haemanthus albiflos seed 5. Pamianthe peruviana offset From Monica Swartz (bulbs) 6. Oziroe arida Frim Karl Church (All Seed) 7. Hippeastrum 'Minerva' 8. Hippeastrum 'Purple Estella' 9. Hippeastrum 'Blue Dream' 10. Habranthus tubispathus From Chad Cox (All Seed) 11. Bessera elegans - red 12. Cyrtanthus epiphyticus From Francisco Lopez 13. Globba schomburgkii seeds 14. Remusatia vivipara bulbils From Dennis Kramb (All bulbs/rhizomes) 15. Eucrosia bicolor 16. Seemannia 'Pepper' 17. Niphaea oblonga 18. Gloxinia erinoides 19. Gloxinia erinoides 'Teresina de Goias' 20. Gloxinia erinoides ex Mountain Orchids 21. Diastema vexans 22. Achimenes misera 23. Achimenes erecta 24. Eucodonia andrieuxii 'Cathy' 25. Eucodonia verticillata 26. Eucodonia 'Adele' Thanks Rimmer, Monica, Karl, Chad, Francisco and Dennis!! Albert _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From fasuamo@hotmail.com Sat, 23 Feb 2019 20:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: Fabio Francisco Suarezmotta Subject: hippeastrum identification Date: Sun, 24 Feb 2019 03:38:00 +0000 Jane Mc Gary Receive a greeting, I attach publications on hippeastrum species of Bolivia Hi All Diana wrote on june 03/2018 I was recently contacted by someone who tells me he thinks the bulb I haveV identified as H. machupijchensis is probably H. cuzcoensis. He sent me photographs of both species to back this up, and if the photographs are correct, he is right. I am not sure how to correct this problem, since I have been selling H. machupijchensis for some time now. While I do feel that the person who contacted me is correct, and is expert in this area, I often gets e-mails saying 'it isn't' when I list a new bulb. Who to believe when you can't back it up through the literature? This does open the question, though, of how to properly identify Hippeastrums. I spend a great deal of time double checking identities of the bulbs I sell, but without a proper reference to go to, it is very difficult. I do not depend on photographs on the internet, firstly because you can't see enough detail, and secondly because there is a great deal of misinformation out there. I have a complete set of Herbertia, but without an index it is a very slow trawl through the many isIsues to try to find what you are looking for (which might not even be there). I have, therefore, had to rely on the identity given to me by the collector the bulbs have come from. My H. machupijchesis bulbs came originally from Harry Hay in England (now deceased). His reputation was excellent, although I don't believe he ever collected any of his material in the wild. It is very easy for mistakes to become compounded when collectors trade material back and forth. I would say that at least 20% of Hippeastrums I have received this way were not what they were supposed to be, some were species that are very commonly available, or even commercial hybrids. There is, also, natural variation in a species. I have three different accessions of H. yungacensis, and they all look different, having different amounts of red in the petals, but I feel fairly confident they are all the true species I would much appreciate any input from Hippeastrum collectors. I was very appreciative when this person not only sent me this information, but sent me photographs of the true species taken in habitat. Diana, in the following links, you find dichotomous keys to identify Bolivian species of hippeastrum, they are written in latin botanical, English and Spanish, in the dichotomous keys the questions are answered and this is how we arrive at the species that we are identifying. Notas 1_Fontqueria_56_42.pdf , Biblioteca digital del Real Jardin botanico , de España ( Digital library Royal botanical garden , Spain ) , Notes on hippeastrum of Bolivia , part I http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/PDF/Fontqueria_56_42.pdf Notas 2 _Fontqueria_56_43.pdf , Biblioteca digital del Real Jardin botanico de España ( Digital library Royal botanical garden, Spain ) , Notes on hippeastrum of Bolivia , part II http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/PDF/Fontqueria_56_43.pdf Greetings to all. Fabio F Suarezmotta, Agronomist Engineer Bucaramanga Colombia. Sorry for the translation , I use google translator. _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From janemcgary@earthlink.net Sun, 24 Feb 2019 12:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <85344ce0-5294-64dd-5498-02bd61f12835@earthlink.net> From: Jane McGary Subject: hippeastrum identification Date: Sun, 24 Feb 2019 12:15:55 -0800 PBS is in the later phase of preparing for publication (online) the monograph "The Genus Hippeastrum in Bolivia" by Lara and Vasquez, including a key updated from the one posted by Dr. Suarezmotta. It covers only species found in that country, however, and not those of Peru, which presumably is the source of the two for which Diana has the names H. machupijchensis and H. cuzcoensis (note that these names are spelled wrong, as they should end in -ense; they may once have been called Amaryllis etc., which is feminine). The same is probably true of the Fontqueria article sent by Dr. Suarezmotta. H. yungascense, mentioned by Diana, is included as a valid species among the Bolivian group. Over the two centuries during which Hippeastrum species have been described, many peculiar things appear to have happened. Some have been described on the basis of a single specimen and never found again, and at least one was only refound quite recently. A couple have been described from cultivation and never found in the wild. A disagreement among botanists led to much of the 20th-century literature being published under Amaryllis rather than Hippeastrum, particularly in the journal Plant Life (Stanford). The beauty of these plants encouraged their cultivation from pre-Columbian times to the present, and bulbs found in nature may have hybridized freely in gardens. One cannot entirely blame botanists for the confusion. According to Lara's book, many hippeastrums grow naturally in densely vegetated areas that are very difficult of access even today. The author has included a chapter on the refinding of one species, with photos of his assistants crossing a swift river on a raft made of saplings and climbing a vertical cliff to photograph plants in flower. Jane McGary On 2/23/2019 7:38 PM, Fabio Francisco Suarezmotta wrote: > Jane Mc Gary > Receive a greeting, I attach publications on hippeastrum species of Bolivia > > Hi All > Diana wrote on june 03/2018 > I was recently contacted by someone who tells me he thinks the bulb I > haveV identified as H. machupijchensis is probably H. cuzcoensis. He sent > me photographs of both species to back this up, and if the photographs > are correct, he is right. I am not sure how to correct this problem, > since I have been selling H. machupijchensis for some time now. While I > do feel that the person who contacted me is correct, and is expert in > this area, I often gets e-mails saying 'it isn't' when I list a new > bulb. Who to believe when you can't back it up through the literature? > This does open the question, though, of how to properly identify > Hippeastrums. I spend a great deal of time double checking identities > of the bulbs I sell, but without a proper reference to go to, it is very > difficult. I do not depend on photographs on the internet, firstly > because you can't see enough detail, and secondly because there is a > great deal of misinformation out there. I have a complete set of > Herbertia, but without an index it is a very slow trawl through the many > isIsues to try to find what you are looking for (which might not even be > there). I have, therefore, had to rely on the identity given to me by > the collector the bulbs have come from. My H. machupijchesis bulbs came > originally from Harry Hay in England (now deceased). His reputation was > excellent, although I don't believe he ever collected any of his > material in the wild. It is very easy for mistakes to become compounded > when collectors trade material back and forth. I would say that at > least 20% of Hippeastrums I have received this way were not what they > were supposed to be, some were species that are very commonly available, > or even commercial hybrids. There is, also, natural variation in a > species. I have three different accessions of H. yungacensis, and they > all look different, having different amounts of red in the petals, but I > feel fairly confident they are all the true species > I would much appreciate any input from Hippeastrum collectors. I was > very appreciative when this person not only sent me this information, > but sent me photographs of the true species taken in habitat. > > Diana, in the following links, you find dichotomous keys to identify Bolivian species of hippeastrum, they are written in latin botanical, English and Spanish, in the dichotomous keys the questions are answered and this is how we arrive at the species that we are identifying. > > Notas 1_Fontqueria_56_42.pdf , Biblioteca digital del Real Jardin botanico , de España > ( Digital library Royal botanical garden , Spain ) , Notes on hippeastrum of Bolivia , part I > > http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/PDF/Fontqueria_56_42.pdf > > Notas 2 _Fontqueria_56_43.pdf , Biblioteca digital del Real Jardin botanico de España > ( Digital library Royal botanical garden, Spain ) , Notes on hippeastrum of Bolivia , part II > http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/PDF/Fontqueria_56_43.pdf > > Greetings to all. > Fabio F Suarezmotta, Agronomist Engineer > Bucaramanga Colombia. > > Sorry for the translation , I use google translator. > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net > http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From bulbexchange@gmail.com Sun, 24 Feb 2019 13:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: "Bulb Exchange!" Subject: Bx 454 closed Date: Sun, 24 Feb 2019 16:12:06 -0500 All gone. Orders were packed this morning and will go out tomorrow. Thanks! Albert _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From jamesamckenney@verizon.net Sun, 24 Feb 2019 17:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <2007847794.4538648.1551054426030@mail.yahoo.com> From: Jim McKenney Subject: (no subject) Date: Mon, 25 Feb 2019 00:27:06 +0000 (UTC) The first Tommies opened today in my Maryland Garden. Jim McKenneyMontgomery County, Maryland, USA, USDA zone 7, where snowdrops and winter aconites are in full bloom, as is winter jasmine.  _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From gardenbetter@gmail.com Sun, 24 Feb 2019 23:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: Shmuel Silinsky Subject: Clivia seed ripeness Date: Mon, 25 Feb 2019 09:01:40 +0200 I have some Belgian hybrid Clivia fruiting - one has turned wine red and two more are bright red. When is the best time to harvest? Do they need to be sown immediately? Thanks Shmuel Silinsky Virus-free. www.avast.com <#DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2> _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From aradshoham1@gmail.com Mon, 25 Feb 2019 05:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Arad Shoham Subject: Oxalis bulbs Date: Mon, 25 Feb 2019 14:25:31 +0200 Somebody knows a supplier of oxalis purpurea bulbs In large quantities? Arad Shoham -- *תודה * * ארד שהם * * "ע.מ. שהם צמחי עציץ פורחים בע"מ"* * 053-8211270* _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From johannes-ulrich-urban@t-online.de Mon, 25 Feb 2019 07:17:02 -0800 Message-Id: From: Johannes-Ulrich Urban Subject: Clivia seed Date: Mon, 25 Feb 2019 14:37:53 +0000 Hello Shmuel, Once the seeds turn from green to red they are ripe and can be sown. Fresh seed germinates quickly. On the other hand ripe fruit can remain on the plant for months. But what happens is that the seed starts to germinate inside the fruit, sometimes the rootlet breaking the skin of the fruit. These seeds can still be sown but often the emerging root is damaged and the resulting plant of poor health. So better sow when ripe. I always remove the flesh of the fruit and only sow the shiny smooth big seed. Good luck! Uli _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From fasuamo@hotmail.com Mon, 25 Feb 2019 11:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: Fabio Francisco Suarezmotta Subject: Hippeastrum ID Date: Mon, 25 Feb 2019 18:26:01 +0000 Hi All In the following link you can see two photos of hippe cuzcoensis from a cultivated plant and photographed by Julio Cesar vargas Calderón, a former member of IBS (international bulb Society), inactive. http://bulbnrose.x10.mx/Amaryllis/IBS/Hippeastrum_cuzcoensis/Hippeastrum%20cuzcoensis.html In the following link you can see photographs of several hippe cultivated and photographed by Sunbaobad of the Overseas Department, France. https://sites.google.com/site/hippeastrumspecies Attached photo of H. machupicense cultivated and photographed by Ton Wijnen of The Netherlands. Attached photo of H.machupicense photographed in his natural habitat by Oscar de Peru. Greetings to all Fabio F Suarezmotta. _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net Mon, 25 Feb 2019 11:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: <1067891650.4827889.1551121431219@mail.yahoo.com> From: Rick Buell via pbs Subject: Oxalis bulbs Date: Mon, 25 Feb 2019 19:03:51 +0000 (UTC) Check with Diana Chapman/Telos Rare Bulbs, who is a pbs member. Sent from Yahoo Mail on Android On Mon, Feb 25, 2019 at 7:26 AM, Arad Shoham wrote: Somebody knows a supplier of oxalis purpurea bulbs In large quantities? Arad Shoham --                                 *תודה * *                                ארד שהם * *                              "ע.מ. שהם צמחי עציץ פורחים בע"מ"* *                                053-8211270* _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs From nickplummer@gmail.com Tue, 26 Feb 2019 07:17:03 -0800 Message-Id: From: Nicholas plummer Subject: (no subject) Date: Tue, 26 Feb 2019 09:24:46 -0500 Here in central North Carolina, Narcissus 'Odoratus' from Brent and Becky's is blooming. As advertised, it has a lovely fragrance, but I have to get down on my hands and knees to smell it. Not sure if it is fainter than I expected or just overwhelmed by the scent of Lonicera fragrantissima and Edgeworthia chrysantha. In any case, the garden smells really good right now. Narcissus pseudonarcissus, crocuses, and various reticulata irises are blooming, and many other spring bulbs are showing new leaf growth (as are the spring-foliage lycoris). Nick Plummer North Carolina, USA, Zone 7 https://sweetgumandpines.wordpress.com/ On Sun, Feb 24, 2019 at 7:27 PM Jim McKenney wrote: > The first Tommies opened today in my Maryland Garden. > Jim McKenneyMontgomery County, Maryland, USA, USDA zone 7, where snowdrops > and winter aconites are in full bloom, as is winter jasmine. > > _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pbs