Geophytes

GEORGE STEWART george_stewart@bigpond.com
Fri, 08 Feb 2019 13:20:58 PST
An old but useful book is   Tuberous Cormous Bulbs

by John Pate and Kingsley Dixon;

publisher:///UWA/ Publishing, 1982

It covers Western Australian species but most of the information can be 
generalised to species from other parts of the world.

George Stewart

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Today's Topics:

    1. Evolution of geophytes? (mark akimoff)
    2. Re: Evolution of geophytes? (Giant Coreopsis)
    3. Re: Evolution of geophytes? (mark akimoff)
    4. Re: Evolution of geophytes? (Jane McGary)
    5. Re: Evolution of geophytes? (Tom Elias)
    6. Re: Evolution of geophytes? (Jim McKenney)
    7. Asarum canadense sun tolerance (Dennis Kramb)
    8. Small World (Judy Glattstein)


----------------------------------------------------------------------

Message: 1
Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 09:28:45 -0800
From: mark akimoff <makimoff76@gmail.com>
To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
Subject: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes?
Message-ID:
	<CAGOPR+cG++RiV_bW4YFzpTuGkht2s_GXM2ihOJx6C032GXp+oA@mail.gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"

Hello,

I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution 
of
geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math)
outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of
it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on 
the
evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and 
subterranean
ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall
blooming speciation as an adaptation to  seasonal migration of grazing
herds across elevational gradients.

Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas,
theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of 
geophytes
as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like
zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort 
of
thing.

Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated!

Thanks,
Mark Akimoff
illahe
Salem, Oregon


------------------------------

Message: 2
Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 10:26:04 -0800
From: Giant Coreopsis <giantcoreopsis@gmail.com>
To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes?
Message-ID: <D84A07E6-2956-4EC0-87B5-EEABB3015F64@gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain;	charset=utf-8

I have a slim-ish volume called ?The evolution of plants? by Willis and 
McElwain. I can send you snapshots of the table of contents / index in a 
private message if you?re interested.

On Feb 7, 2019, at 9:28 AM, mark akimoff <makimoff76@gmail.com> wrote:

Hello,

I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution 
of
geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math)
outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of
it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on 
the
evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and 
subterranean
ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall
blooming speciation as an adaptation to  seasonal migration of grazing
herds across elevational gradients.

Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas,
theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of 
geophytes
as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like
zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort 
of
thing.

Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated!

Thanks,
Mark Akimoff
illahe
Salem, Oregon
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------------------------------

Message: 3
Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 10:30:25 -0800
From: mark akimoff <makimoff76@gmail.com>
To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes?
Message-ID:
	<CAGOPR+dSJDuRuxQNLnPHez_bboVqnqd-MUtB3+d-dOMgMOEyhg@mail.gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"

Thanks,

That would be great! I'm gathering all resources!

Mark

On Thu, Feb 7, 2019 at 10:26 AM Giant Coreopsis 
<giantcoreopsis@gmail.com>
wrote:

> I have a slim-ish volume called ?The evolution of plants? by Willis 
> and
> McElwain. I can send you snapshots of the table of contents / index in 
> a
> private message if you?re interested.
>
> On Feb 7, 2019, at 9:28 AM, mark akimoff <makimoff76@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> Hello,
>
> I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the 
> evolution of
> geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math)
> outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect 
> of
> it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter 
> on the
> evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and 
> subterranean
> ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall
> blooming speciation as an adaptation to  seasonal migration of grazing
> herds across elevational gradients.
>
> Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas,
> theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of 
> geophytes
> as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues 
> like
> zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that 
> sort of
> thing.
>
> Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated!
>
> Thanks,
> Mark Akimoff
> illahe
> Salem, Oregon
> _______________________________________________
> pbs mailing list
> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
> _______________________________________________
> pbs mailing list
> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
>


------------------------------

Message: 4
Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 11:09:55 -0800
From: Jane McGary <janemcgary@earthlink.net>
To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes?
Message-ID: <ba1fe838-b17a-fa43-0cf6-a8bc2b50fe97@earthlink.net>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed

The ways in which bulbs multiply often seem to be adaptations to
environmental conditions. For instance, the production of numerous tiny,
loosely attached offsets (such as "rice grains" in some Fritillaria) is
often associated with predation by digging animals such as bears and
humans (e.g., consumers of Fritillaria camtschatcensis, Brodiaea
californica, Camassia). The interesting bulb of Lilium pardalinum, which
is elongated with very numerous scales, may reflect its typical habitat
near mountain streams, where the bulb might be dislodged and distributed
in spring. In both cases, the forms that bore many viable bulblets or
scales would tend over time to dominate the population.

Mark mentions Crocus and its subterranean ovary. You can tell when
crocuses are ready to have their seed harvested because the capsule
rather suddenly rises above soil level on a stem, so that the seeds will
scatter. In nature one usually sees crocuses growing as scattered
individuals, not the tight clonal clusters found in cultivation --
perhaps a respnse to burrowing predators.

Jane McGary, Portland, Oregon, USAOn 2/7/2019 10:30 AM, mark akimoff 
wrote:

> On Feb 7, 2019, at 9:28 AM, mark akimoff <makimoff76@gmail.com> wrote:
>> Hello,
>>
>> I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the 
>> evolution of
>> geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and 
>> Math)
>> outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect 
>> of
>> it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter 
>> on the
>> evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and 
>> subterranean
>> ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall
>> blooming speciation as an adaptation to  seasonal migration of 
>> grazing
>> herds across elevational gradients.
>>
>> Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas,
>> theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of 
>> geophytes
>> as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues 
>> like
>> zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that 
>> sort of
>> thing.
>>
>> Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated!
>>
>> Thanks,
>> Mark Akimoff
>> illahe
>> Salem, Oregon
>> _______________________________________________
>> pbs mailing list
>> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
>> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
>> _______________________________________________
>> pbs mailing list
>> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
>> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
>>
> _______________________________________________
> pbs mailing list
> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…


------------------------------

Message: 5
Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 19:16:55 +0000
From: Tom Elias <tselias@msn.com>
To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes?
Message-ID:
	 
<BYAPR07MB6135B0157CD64F2D906133DAB0680@BYAPR07MB6135.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>
	
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"

Mark:
    You may also want to investigate the presence of toxic secondary 
compounds such as alkaloids in geophytes.  I know for example that 
Irises are abundant in the extensive steppes of Siberia.  This is a 
major location for the evolution of large herbivores.   Tulips are also 
found here along with other bulbous plants.  I know that Irises are 
loaded with alkaloids and poisonous to gracing animals.  But, I do not 
know about the toxicity of Tulips and other bulbous plants found there. 
This is one of several mechanisms that plants have developed to 
successfully compete and survive.

Tom

________________________________
From: pbs <pbs-bounces@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net> on behalf of mark 
akimoff <makimoff76@gmail.com>
Sent: Thursday, February 7, 2019 9:28 AM
To: Pacific Bulb Society
Subject: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes?

Hello,

I'm wanting to put together an introductory power point on the evolution 
of
geophytes to be used in STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math)
outreach at local schools. I'm interested in the story telling aspect of
it, and Martyn Rix' "Growing Bulbs" has a great introductory chapter on 
the
evolution of flowers that covers things like the Crocus, and 
subterranean
ovaries as an adaptation to grazing pressure. Or for instance, fall
blooming speciation as an adaptation to  seasonal migration of grazing
herds across elevational gradients.

Beyond that book does anyone have any other books, articles, ideas,
theories, etc? That might be useful in introducing evolution of 
geophytes
as a curriculum? I'm leaning towards tying it in to current issues like
zeric adaptations for changing climate or pollution tolerance, that sort 
of
thing.

Any help from this brain trust would be much appreciated!

Thanks,
Mark Akimoff
illahe
Salem, Oregon
_______________________________________________
pbs mailing list
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------------------------------

Message: 6
Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 20:29:35 +0000 (UTC)
From: Jim McKenney <jamesamckenney@verizon.net>
To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
Subject: Re: [pbs] Evolution of geophytes?
Message-ID: <183874394.4843201.1549571375389@mail.yahoo.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8

  Note that the ovaries of most (or all?) colchicums and crocuses are 
underground at bloom time and in colchicums the ovary is raised up above 
the surface within the foliage as it develops. In most crocuses, the 
seed capsule is pushed up out of the ground when the seeds are 
ripe.?Among crocuses, Crocus korolkowii produces seed capsules which 
remain underground.?Jim McKenneyMontgomery County, Maryland, USA, USDA 
zone 7, where the first of the late winter crocuses might appear any day 
now.?
    http://bulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/mailman/…


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Message: 7
Date: Thu, 07 Feb 2019 15:49:02 -0500
From: Dennis Kramb <dkramb@badbear.com>
To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
Subject: [pbs] Asarum canadense sun tolerance
Message-ID:
	<mailman.27.1549572547.519.pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8

Near my property line I have cultivated a lovely and large patch of 
Asarum canadense in the shade of my neighbors pine trees.? The first 
plants originally appeared all on their own about twenty years ago.?
New neighbors have seen fit to chop all those trees down last week (at 
the peak of the polar vortex no less). So now the plants are in full 
sun.
Is a shade screen necessary for them to survive?
Dennis in Cincinnati

------------------------------

Message: 8
Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 16:42:16 -0500
From: Judy Glattstein <jgglatt@gmail.com>
To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
Subject: [pbs] Small World
Message-ID: <9590ddc9-8940-a53f-b289-62346413a9c6@gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"; Format="flowed"

The small world and making connections.

I looked up walipini. The entry mentioned that the term refers to an
earth-sheltered cold frame. It derives its name from the Aymaran 
languages.

My brother did his doctoral research in the Peruvian Andes lo these many
years ago. He learned both Quechua and Aymara languages. So of course I
asked him about this.

His reply:
"Wali- is an Aymara root that means 'good.' Waliskiw means, things are
good. Not sure about the -pini suffix. The cab driver that my brother
and his wife had back from JFK was a Bolivian, grew up with
Quechua-speaking parents, still knows it. He said he'd never had a
Quechua-speaking customer before in his 35 years of driving. "

Where were they coming back from? He had been at a conference in Durban.
His wife came along. After the conference they took a long week in Cape
Town, went to Kirstenbosh, up Table Mountain, etc. Most of the pictures
he sent to me (taken with his iPhone) are not of interest to me and you.
Here are three that make the cut. I'm pretty sure about the scadoxus.
And is watsonia correct?

Judy in NJ where the living history farm is scheduled to start tapping
sugar maples this Saturday. And I've seen two different flocks of 
robins.


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