Racoons

Janet Hoffmann via pbs pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
Sat, 27 Jun 2020 17:14:07 PDT
I have yet to trap a racoon but have caught a number of squirrels and one rat so far this year in my hav-a-heart traps. The rodents are wreaking havac in my fruit trees. A simple and fairly humane way to euthanize your catch is to put the whole trap in a large black plastic garbage bag with a few small holes in it. Secure the mouth of the bag with duct tape around your tail pipe, run the engine for a few minutes. Let the bag deflate and remove your catch and dispose of the dead animal either in the trash or in open areas near your home. Scavengers will be happy to dispose of the carcass and it is not poisonous to them. Don’t keep it in your trash for more than 24 hours because it will attract maggots and really stink especially in hot weather.  

Janet H.
> On Jun 27, 2020, at 3:40 PM, pbs-request@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net wrote:
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> Today's Topics:
> 
>   1. I fully support Jonathan K (Bruce Schroder)
>   2. Re: Racoons (pelarg@aol.com)
>   3. Re: Racoons (Mark Mazer)
>   4. Re: Racoons (Robert Lauf)
>   5. Re: Racoons (Mark Mazer)
>   6. Posting pictures (Johannes-Ulrich Urban)
>   7. Re: Posting pictures (Robin Hansen)
>   8. Re: Racoons (pelarg@aol.com)
>   9. Re: Racoons (pelarg@aol.com)
>  10. Re: Deer protection (Randall P. Linke)
>  11. Ditch the plants and take up this hobby! (Jim McKenney)
>  12. Re: Racoons (Mark Mazer)
>  13. Re: Ditch the plants and take up this hobby! (David Pilling)
>  14. Re: Ditch the plants and take up this hobby! (Robin Hansen)
>  15. Re: Posting pictures (Carlo A. Balistrieri)
>  16. Re: Ditch the plants and take up this hobby! (Arnold Trachtenberg)
>  17. Re: Posting pictures (Paul Machado)
>  18. Lilum 'White Triumphator' was Re:  Posting pictures (Jim McKenney)
>  19. Re: Racoons (pelarg@aol.com)
> 
> 
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> Message: 1
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 22:11:48 +1000
> From: Bruce Schroder <silvertop1952@gmail.com>
> To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
> Subject: [pbs] I fully support Jonathan K
> Message-ID:
> 	<CANRzmrhzMJQ=1uKhF7q01Uoxztn2z9__DRRtRg2A2b=VdL+o5Q@mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
> 
> It drives me up the wall trying to find the actual message you are trying
> to get across.  PLEASE start a new message if you have something to add to
> the conversation.
> Bruce Schroder,  Australia
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 2
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 14:26:34 +0000 (UTC)
> From: pelarg@aol.com
> To: "pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net"
> 	<pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Racoons
> Message-ID: <809058835.93036.1593267994384@mail.yahoo.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
> 
> Raccoons are a real menace here as they get into the pool and eat fish.? But of course the thing that really ticks me off is that they chew up waterlily flowers and go dig up the rhizomes so roots end up floating on the surface. So they must be trapped and removed but the havahart traps are not consistent in trapping them, either they have some clever way to get the bait (marshmallows and or peanut butter work well) or they perhaps dont scoot end all the way and are able to back out.? We've also had them bend traps (their newer traps are not as sturdy as the old ones were) and in one case they took off the handle while inside and we never found where it went.? That trap has to be carried by my wife and myself both when it gets a raccoon.? Most often the raccoons are afraid and remain quiet till release (very far away--best to go 15 or more miles as they are supposedly good at finding their way back) but occasionally we get an aggressive one that hisses and carries on.? Those can be q
> uite scary at times.? Grace breaks down any large cardboard boxes we get to make flat pieces of cardboard to put in the back of my car as they are needed.? Why?? Because the disgusting raccoons tend to crap and otherwise make a mess of the bottom of their cage and this prevents getting the back of the car dirty.? We keep several layers of cardboard in there at all times, so we can throw away dirty pieces as needed.? Transporting them is not fun either, they stink and windows need to be kept open.??I don't know how to set up an electric fence, especially around a pool with brick patio on one side and a cement walk on the other.? For the root problems, we have recently started taking the bird mesh and tying rocks to it, placing it over any roots floating on the surface, and sinking it to trap the roots and bring them back down.? We? are hoping that the mesh will confuse future raccoon efforts to dig up waterlily roots and rhizomes.?This year the chipmunks decimated the crocus more so 
> than usual.? This in spite of frequent trapping and removal.? For some reason their population was extremely high this spring but it seems to be coming down a bit lately.? ?If it werent for certain mammals, gardening would be a hell of a lot easier....Ernie DeMarieZ6/7 border NY where Alstroemeria aurea is making quite a show and is self seeding a bit.? Buds on some agapanthus, lilies beginning to open with more to come, earlier season hemerocallis blooming nicely, and some dierama still in flower.? Weather has been oddly dry and sunny for weeks but rain is coming today.? Overall this kind of weather is very good for most of what I grow.?
> 
> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 3
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 11:01:12 -0400
> From: Mark Mazer <markemazer@gmail.com>
> To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Racoons
> Message-ID:
> 	<CAAvPRWt5GBjZPDpTkcKnY8pnTZbYiU1r3Uf2BphBVm+b7hAh8A@mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
> 
> FWIW: trapping and then relocating racoons in New York is illegal. The law
> states that they should be euthanized.
> 
> Mark Mazer
> Hertford, NC
> 
> On Sat, Jun 27, 2020 at 10:26 AM Ernie DeMarie via pbs <
> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net> wrote:
> 
>> Raccoons are a real menace here as they get into the pool and eat fish.
>> But of course the thing that really ticks me off is that they chew up
>> waterlily flowers and go dig up the rhizomes so roots end up floating on
>> the surface. So they must be trapped and removed but the havahart traps are
>> not consistent in trapping them, either they have some clever way to get
>> the bait (marshmallows and or peanut butter work well) or they perhaps dont
>> scoot end all the way and are able to back out.  We've also had them bend
>> traps (their newer traps are not as sturdy as the old ones were) and in one
>> case they took off the handle while inside and we never found where it
>> went.  That trap has to be carried by my wife and myself both when it gets
>> a raccoon.  Most often the raccoons are afraid and remain quiet till
>> release (very far away--best to go 15 or more miles as they are supposedly
>> good at finding their way back) but occasionally we get an aggressive one
>> that hisses and carries on.  Those can be quite scary at times.  Grace
>> breaks down any large cardboard boxes we get to make flat pieces of
>> cardboard to put in the back of my car as they are needed.  Why?  Because
>> the disgusting raccoons tend to crap and otherwise make a mess of the
>> bottom of their cage and this prevents getting the back of the car dirty.
>> We keep several layers of cardboard in there at all times, so we can throw
>> away dirty pieces as needed.  Transporting them is not fun either, they
>> stink and windows need to be kept open.  I don't know how to set up an
>> electric fence, especially around a pool with brick patio on one side and a
>> cement walk on the other.  For the root problems, we have recently started
>> taking the bird mesh and tying rocks to it, placing it over any roots
>> floating on the surface, and sinking it to trap the roots and bring them
>> back down.  We  are hoping that the mesh will confuse future raccoon
>> efforts to dig up waterlily roots and rhizomes. This year the chipmunks
>> decimated the crocus more so than usual.  This in spite of frequent
>> trapping and removal.  For some reason their population was extremely high
>> this spring but it seems to be coming down a bit lately.   If it werent for
>> certain mammals, gardening would be a hell of a lot easier....Ernie
>> DeMarieZ6/7 border NY where Alstroemeria aurea is making quite a show and
>> is self seeding a bit.  Buds on some agapanthus, lilies beginning to open
>> with more to come, earlier season hemerocallis blooming nicely, and some
>> dierama still in flower.  Weather has been oddly dry and sunny for weeks
>> but rain is coming today.  Overall this kind of weather is very good for
>> most of what I grow.
>> 
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> pbs mailing list
>> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
>> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
>> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 4
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 15:07:14 +0000 (UTC)
> From: Robert Lauf <boblauf@att.net>
> To: Ernie DeMarie via pbs <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Racoons
> Message-ID: <1119203806.4578917.1593270434998@mail.yahoo.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
> 
> Here in TN, the laws are much more reasonable.? Raccoons are a nuisance animal and can be trapped by a property owner with no hunting license or permit of any kind.? Once trapped, TWRA says to euthanize, preferably by shooting (I use a very high-power pellet gun as I live in the city).? If you trap something by mistake, you must release it ON YOUR PROPERTY; moving wild animals, particularly over large distances, is how rabies gets passed around.? At least in TN, rabid raccoons have not yet been found in all counties, so they are particularly worried about moving them.? Skunks are less of an issue because rabid skunks are found everywhere, but here moving them is illegal anyway.
> I have a traditional havahart and found that I need to put a heavy rock on the trap door so it crashes closed forcefully enough that it is secured.? I only use one of the two doors so I can put the bait at the far end, well beyond the trip.? I also put concrete blocks on both sides so they can't reach in and steal the bait.? It's a ticklish operation to put the rock on and then carefully adjust the linkage so it doesn't trip by itself.
> I agree that marshmallows are the bait of choice.
> Bob LaufOak Ridge, Zone 7
>    On Saturday, June 27, 2020, 10:26:41 AM EDT, Ernie DeMarie via pbs <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net> wrote:  
> 
> Raccoons are a real menace here as they get into the pool and eat fish.? But of course the thing that really ticks me off is that they chew up waterlily flowers and go dig up the rhizomes so roots end up floating on the surface. So they must be trapped and removed but the havahart traps are not consistent in trapping them, either they have some clever way to get the bait (marshmallows and or peanut butter work well) or they perhaps dont scoot end all the way and are able to back out.? We've also had them bend traps (their newer traps are not as sturdy as the old ones were) and in one case they took off the handle while inside and we never found where it went.? That trap has to be carried by my wife and myself both when it gets a raccoon.? Most often the raccoons are afraid and remain quiet till release (very far away--best to go 15 or more miles as they are supposedly good at finding their way back) but occasionally we get an aggressive one that hisses and carries on.? Those can be 
> quite scary at times.? Grace breaks down any large cardboard boxes we get to make flat pieces of cardboard to put in the back of my car as they are needed.? Why?? Because the disgusting raccoons tend to crap and otherwise make a mess of the bottom of their cage and this prevents getting the back of the car dirty.? We keep several layers of cardboard in there at all times, so we can throw away dirty pieces as needed.? Transporting them is not fun either, they stink and windows need to be kept open.??I don't know how to set up an electric fence, especially around a pool with brick patio on one side and a cement walk on the other.? For the root problems, we have recently started taking the bird mesh and tying rocks to it, placing it over any roots floating on the surface, and sinking it to trap the roots and bring them back down.? We? are hoping that the mesh will confuse future raccoon efforts to dig up waterlily roots and rhizomes.?This year the chipmunks decimated the crocus more so
>  than usual.? This in spite of frequent trapping and removal.? For some reason their population was extremely high this spring but it seems to be coming down a bit lately.? ?If it werent for certain mammals, gardening would be a hell of a lot easier....Ernie DeMarieZ6/7 border NY where Alstroemeria aurea is making quite a show and is self seeding a bit.? Buds on some agapanthus, lilies beginning to open with more to come, earlier season hemerocallis blooming nicely, and some dierama still in flower.? Weather has been oddly dry and sunny for weeks but rain is coming today.? Overall this kind of weather is very good for most of what I grow.?
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> pbs mailing list
> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 5
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 11:21:34 -0400
> From: Mark Mazer <markemazer@gmail.com>
> To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Racoons
> Message-ID:
> 	<CAAvPRWuQpyR4XzamrQg+M33xoXDxD4Nij_Wjzg2SYG-N=nSD0w@mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
> 
> NY law allows unlicensed homeowners and farmers to destroy raccoons that
> damage property. It's the relocation part that is illegal.
> 
> Mark Mazer
> 
> 
> On Sat, Jun 27, 2020 at 11:07 AM Robert Lauf via pbs <
> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net> wrote:
> 
>> Here in TN, the laws are much more reasonable.  Raccoons are a nuisance
>> animal and can be trapped by a property owner with no hunting license or
>> permit of any kind.  Once trapped, TWRA says to euthanize, preferably by
>> shooting (I use a very high-power pellet gun as I live in the city).  If
>> you trap something by mistake, you must release it ON YOUR PROPERTY; moving
>> wild animals, particularly over large distances, is how rabies gets passed
>> around.  At least in TN, rabid raccoons have not yet been found in all
>> counties, so they are particularly worried about moving them.  Skunks are
>> less of an issue because rabid skunks are found everywhere, but here moving
>> them is illegal anyway.
>> I have a traditional havahart and found that I need to put a heavy rock on
>> the trap door so it crashes closed forcefully enough that it is secured.  I
>> only use one of the two doors so I can put the bait at the far end, well
>> beyond the trip.  I also put concrete blocks on both sides so they can't
>> reach in and steal the bait.  It's a ticklish operation to put the rock on
>> and then carefully adjust the linkage so it doesn't trip by itself.
>> I agree that marshmallows are the bait of choice.
>> Bob LaufOak Ridge, Zone 7
>>    On Saturday, June 27, 2020, 10:26:41 AM EDT, Ernie DeMarie via pbs <
>> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net> wrote:
>> 
>> Raccoons are a real menace here as they get into the pool and eat fish.
>> But of course the thing that really ticks me off is that they chew up
>> waterlily flowers and go dig up the rhizomes so roots end up floating on
>> the surface. So they must be trapped and removed but the havahart traps are
>> not consistent in trapping them, either they have some clever way to get
>> the bait (marshmallows and or peanut butter work well) or they perhaps dont
>> scoot end all the way and are able to back out.  We've also had them bend
>> traps (their newer traps are not as sturdy as the old ones were) and in one
>> case they took off the handle while inside and we never found where it
>> went.  That trap has to be carried by my wife and myself both when it gets
>> a raccoon.  Most often the raccoons are afraid and remain quiet till
>> release (very far away--best to go 15 or more miles as they are supposedly
>> good at finding their way back) but occasionally we get an aggressive one
>> that hisses and carries on.  Those can be quite scary at times.  Grace
>> breaks down any large cardboard boxes we get to make flat pieces of
>> cardboard to put in the back of my car as they are needed.  Why?  Because
>> the disgusting raccoons tend to crap and otherwise make a mess of the
>> bottom of their cage and this prevents getting the back of the car dirty.
>> We keep several layers of cardboard in there at all times, so we can throw
>> away dirty pieces as needed.  Transporting them is not fun either, they
>> stink and windows need to be kept open.  I don't know how to set up an
>> electric fence, especially around a pool with brick patio on one side and a
>> cement walk on the other.  For the root problems, we have recently started
>> taking the bird mesh and tying rocks to it, placing it over any roots
>> floating on the surface, and sinking it to trap the roots and bring them
>> back down.  We  are hoping that the mesh will confuse future raccoon
>> efforts to dig up waterlily roots and rhizomes. This year the chipmunks
>> decimated the crocus more so than usual.  This in spite of frequent
>> trapping and removal.  For some reason their population was extremely high
>> this spring but it seems to be coming down a bit lately.   If it werent for
>> certain mammals, gardening would be a hell of a lot easier....Ernie
>> DeMarieZ6/7 border NY where Alstroemeria aurea is making quite a show and
>> is self seeding a bit.  Buds on some agapanthus, lilies beginning to open
>> with more to come, earlier season hemerocallis blooming nicely, and some
>> dierama still in flower.  Weather has been oddly dry and sunny for weeks
>> but rain is coming today.  Overall this kind of weather is very good for
>> most of what I grow.
>> 
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> pbs mailing list
>> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
>> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> pbs mailing list
>> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
>> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
>> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 6
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 19:03:30 +0100
> From: Johannes-Ulrich Urban <johannes-ulrich-urban@t-online.de>
> To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Subject: [pbs] Posting pictures
> Message-ID: <9D3B327A-2450-42AB-A067-5B0EB3F183B5@t-online.de>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
> 
> Dear all,
> 
> After following the thread on attachments I contacted David only to find out that I am one of those who did not dare to post pictures because I thought it was complicated..... it?s not!
> Here is a test.
> 
> Lilium ?White Triumphator? a magnificent plant. It takes the heat, withstands the wind and even looked almost unharmed after a storm blew over the whole pot. The picture was taken before that accident, though. I have to pot it because of voles. The trees are our cork oaks and you can see the strimmed dry non irrigated vegetation to prevent fire.
> 
> Greetings from my garden 
> 
> Uli 
> 
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> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 7
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 11:13:21 -0700
> From: "Robin Hansen" <robin@hansennursery.com>
> To: "'Pacific Bulb Society'" <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Posting pictures
> Message-ID: <005101d64cae$a4bb5810$ee320830$@hansennursery.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain;	charset="utf-8"
> 
> Uli's photo of Lilium 'White Triumphator' is marvelous. I'm also finding that lilies love full sun, heat and can do with less water than lots of other plants. Plus many are so fragrant! I have an old hybrid 'Stargazer' and it's the toughest plant around. It was stuck in the same pot for years and is now finally in the ground and doing very well. I will plant more, preferably fragrant, since I can't have fragrant flowers in the house. Oh, and that 'Stargazer' has bloomed every year no matter how badly treated.
> 
> Robin Hansen
> Southwest Oregon, where it is finally warming up
> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 8
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 19:15:11 +0000 (UTC)
> From: pelarg@aol.com
> To: "pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net"
> 	<pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Racoons
> Message-ID: <87699608.172513.1593285311285@mail.yahoo.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
> 
> I do know that but I'm not about to shoot them (no guns allowed here)? nor poison them for fear of hurting our predatory birds.? I assume the law dates from when some idiot hunters brought up raccoons from the south, one or more that had rabies,? that introduced rabies into our NY raccoon populations.? So I do get why we have the law but its purpose may be outdated by now as rabies is endemic at this point in NY raccoons.? I never take them that kind of distance anyway, not beyond 20 or so miles tops so no spreading whatever they may have much beyond local populations.??Now if there was a gentler and safe way to euthanize the destructive ones I might reconsider (I'm not an expert on how to do so), but sometimes none of the options available are really great options.? It would be so nice if they just respected property boundaries and didn't crap on the edge of the pool for added insult, lol.?Now an animal that I would like to see euthanized a lot more often would be the deer, they des
> troy not just gardens but also native wildflowers.? Good luck finding a wild trillium in a Westchester County NY woodland that isnt fenced or otherwise protected from the ravages of Bambi and friends.? In this county only bows can be used and only if houses are a certain distance from each other (immediately disqualifies most of the county's residences) and if all neighbors agree.? ?Sounds terrible but I hope that the emerging Chronic Wasting prion disease does a better job of controlling the deer population than the various inattentive state and local governments have done. But it may already be too late for vast populations of choice wildflowers like trilliums, lilies, and cypripediums in many areas.?Ernie
> 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Mark Mazer via pbs <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Cc: Mark Mazer <markemazer@gmail.com>
> Sent: Sat, Jun 27, 2020 11:01 am
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Racoons
> 
> FWIW: trapping and then relocating racoons in New York is illegal. The law
> states that they should be euthanized.
> 
> Mark Mazer
> Hertford, NC
> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 9
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 19:20:22 +0000 (UTC)
> From: pelarg@aol.com
> To: "pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net"
> 	<pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Racoons
> Message-ID: <799514787.168282.1593285622673@mail.yahoo.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
> 
> Hi Robert,I like your ideas about enhancing trap efficiency and will try them out!? I do put bait in the back but didnt think of the concrete block idea nor of putting a rock on the trap door to enhance closing. I already only leave one door open and I have put large rocks on the trap itself at both ends as I suspected the raccoons were somehow able to lift the latch on either side so they could push out of the trap doors.? ?Clever creatures indeed.AFAIK we can't use guns of any kind in this county of NY let alone town, so euthanizing would be problematic.?Ernie
> 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Robert Lauf via pbs <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> To: Ernie DeMarie via pbs <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Cc: Robert Lauf <boblauf@att.net>
> Sent: Sat, Jun 27, 2020 11:07 am
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Racoons
> 
> Here in TN, the laws are much more reasonable.? Raccoons are a nuisance animal and can be trapped by a property owner with no hunting license or permit of any kind.? Once trapped, TWRA says to euthanize, preferably by shooting (I use a very high-power pellet gun as I live in the city).? If you trap something by mistake, you must release it ON YOUR PROPERTY; moving wild animals, particularly over large distances, is how rabies gets passed around.? At least in TN, rabid raccoons have not yet been found in all counties, so they are particularly worried about moving them.? Skunks are less of an issue because rabid skunks are found everywhere, but here moving them is illegal anyway.
> I have a traditional havahart and found that I need to put a heavy rock on the trap door so it crashes closed forcefully enough that it is secured.? I only use one of the two doors so I can put the bait at the far end, well beyond the trip.? I also put concrete blocks on both sides so they can't reach in and steal the bait.? It's a ticklish operation to put the rock on and then carefully adjust the linkage so it doesn't trip by itself.
> I agree that marshmallows are the bait of choice.
> Bob LaufOak Ridge, Zone 7
> ? ? On Saturday, June 27, 2020, 10:26:41 AM EDT, Ernie DeMarie via pbs <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net> wrote:? 
> 
> Raccoons are a real menace here as they get into the pool and eat fish.? But of course the thing that really ticks me off is that they chew up waterlily flowers and go dig up the rhizomes so roots end up floating on the surface. So they must be trapped and removed but the havahart traps are not consistent in trapping them, either they have some clever way to get the bait (marshmallows and or peanut butter work well) or they perhaps dont scoot end all the way and are able to back out.? We've also had them bend traps (their newer traps are not as sturdy as the old ones were) and in one case they took off the handle while inside and we never found where it went.? That trap has to be carried by my wife and myself both when it gets a raccoon.? Most often the raccoons are afraid and remain quiet till release (very far away--best to go 15 or more miles as they are supposedly good at finding their way back) but occasionally we get an aggressive one that hisses and carries on.? Those can be 
> quite scary at times.? Grace breaks down any large cardboard boxes we get to make flat pieces of cardboard to put in the back of my car as they are needed.? Why?? Because the disgusting raccoons tend to crap and otherwise make a mess of the bottom of their cage and this prevents getting the back of the car dirty.? We keep several layers of cardboard in there at all times, so we can throw away dirty pieces as needed.? Transporting them is not fun either, they stink and windows need to be kept open.??I don't know how to set up an electric fence, especially around a pool with brick patio on one side and a cement walk on the other.? For the root problems, we have recently started taking the bird mesh and tying rocks to it, placing it over any roots floating on the surface, and sinking it to trap the roots and bring them back down.? We? are hoping that the mesh will confuse future raccoon efforts to dig up waterlily roots and rhizomes.?This year the chipmunks decimated the crocus more so
>  than usual.? This in spite of frequent trapping and removal.? For some reason their population was extremely high this spring but it seems to be coming down a bit lately.? ?If it werent for certain mammals, gardening would be a hell of a lot easier....Ernie DeMarieZ6/7 border NY where Alstroemeria aurea is making quite a show and is self seeding a bit.? Buds on some agapanthus, lilies beginning to open with more to come, earlier season hemerocallis blooming nicely, and some dierama still in flower.? Weather has been oddly dry and sunny for weeks but rain is coming today.? Overall this kind of weather is very good for most of what I grow.?
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> pbs mailing list
> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
> ? 
> _______________________________________________
> pbs mailing list
> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 10
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 12:51:05 -0700
> From: "Randall P. Linke" <randysgarden@gmail.com>
> To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Deer protection
> Message-ID:
> 	<CAOi3jfNz2nGoZikquORr1C6orQJUatbk1+hgdiTSZtg8gHYmaw@mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
> 
> When I lived in the Santa Cruz mountains in California it was impossible to
> fence it because of the steepness of the slope and rocky soil.  I found
> that running multiple lines of heavy monofilament fishing line around the
> perimeter at various heights and also spaced so there were essentially two
> to three fence lines spaced about a 1/2 meter apart was very effective.  It
> was generally invisible to the naked eye and apparently deer are spooked by
> running into something they cannot see, especially in the dark..
> 
> On Wed, Jun 24, 2020 at 5:51 AM Johannes-Ulrich Urban via pbs <
> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net> wrote:
> 
>> Dear All,
>> 
>> Having read so many times that there is a lot of damage caused by browsing
>> deer, I cannot remember anybody suggested electric fencing. Is there a
>> reason? Is it forbidden?
>> 
>> Electric fencing is not obtrusive and relatively cheap to install. It can
>> be fitted with a timer to avoid accidental contact during the day time.
>> 
>> It needs to be properly installed to be effective. Here in Europe it is
>> the only means to protect against wild boar. The lowest wire has to be 10cm
>> above ground which is snout level of the boar. They learn quickly and will
>> touch the wire only once......
>> 
>> Shouldn't the same work with deer? At a different position of the wires?
>> 
>> Bye for now
>> 
>> Uli
>> _______________________________________________
>> pbs mailing list
>> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
>> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
>> 
> 
> 
> --
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 11
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 15:55:57 -0400
> From: Jim McKenney <jamesamckenney@verizon.net>
> To: "pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net"
> 	<pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Subject: [pbs] Ditch the plants and take up this hobby!
> Message-ID:
> 	<mailman.1097.1593287760.117284.pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
> 
> https://youtu.be/ov6n_FXXg_g/
> Sent from Mail for Windows 10
> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 12
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 16:01:56 -0400
> From: Mark Mazer <markemazer@gmail.com>
> To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Racoons
> Message-ID:
> 	<CAAvPRWt9AtswVDh5uG0G+SzgnU=MqkMoTNMNV3xbLjwfu56hrQ@mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
> 
> Ernie...
> "I do know that but I'm not about to shoot them"
> I get it. Then hire a professional instead of being above the law. The
> survival rate for relocated raccoons is abysmally low and you are simply
> making your problem
> another person's burden. BTW... transporting a raccoon in your car is
> insane. Some 70% of the adults and 90% of juveniles carry various
> roundworms in their feces.
> Daughter is a pathobiologist and they would don full PPE when handling
> raccoons in UConns lab back in the day.
> 
> ,
> 
> Mark Mazer
> Hertford NC
> 
> On Sat, Jun 27, 2020 at 3:20 PM Ernie DeMarie via pbs <
> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net> wrote:
> 
>> Hi Robert,I like your ideas about enhancing trap efficiency and will try
>> them out!  I do put bait in the back but didnt think of the concrete block
>> idea nor of putting a rock on the trap door to enhance closing. I already
>> only leave one door open and I have put large rocks on the trap itself at
>> both ends as I suspected the raccoons were somehow able to lift the latch
>> on either side so they could push out of the trap doors.   Clever creatures
>> indeed.AFAIK we can't use guns of any kind in this county of NY let alone
>> town, so euthanizing would be problematic. Ernie
>> 
>> 
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Robert Lauf via pbs <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
>> To: Ernie DeMarie via pbs <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
>> Cc: Robert Lauf <boblauf@att.net>
>> Sent: Sat, Jun 27, 2020 11:07 am
>> Subject: Re: [pbs] Racoons
>> 
>> Here in TN, the laws are much more reasonable.  Raccoons are a nuisance
>> animal and can be trapped by a property owner with no hunting license or
>> permit of any kind.  Once trapped, TWRA says to euthanize, preferably by
>> shooting (I use a very high-power pellet gun as I live in the city).  If
>> you trap something by mistake, you must release it ON YOUR PROPERTY; moving
>> wild animals, particularly over large distances, is how rabies gets passed
>> around.  At least in TN, rabid raccoons have not yet been found in all
>> counties, so they are particularly worried about moving them.  Skunks are
>> less of an issue because rabid skunks are found everywhere, but here moving
>> them is illegal anyway.
>> I have a traditional havahart and found that I need to put a heavy rock on
>> the trap door so it crashes closed forcefully enough that it is secured.  I
>> only use one of the two doors so I can put the bait at the far end, well
>> beyond the trip.  I also put concrete blocks on both sides so they can't
>> reach in and steal the bait.  It's a ticklish operation to put the rock on
>> and then carefully adjust the linkage so it doesn't trip by itself.
>> I agree that marshmallows are the bait of choice.
>> Bob LaufOak Ridge, Zone 7
>>    On Saturday, June 27, 2020, 10:26:41 AM EDT, Ernie DeMarie via pbs <
>> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net> wrote:
>> 
>> Raccoons are a real menace here as they get into the pool and eat fish.
>> But of course the thing that really ticks me off is that they chew up
>> waterlily flowers and go dig up the rhizomes so roots end up floating on
>> the surface. So they must be trapped and removed but the havahart traps are
>> not consistent in trapping them, either they have some clever way to get
>> the bait (marshmallows and or peanut butter work well) or they perhaps dont
>> scoot end all the way and are able to back out.  We've also had them bend
>> traps (their newer traps are not as sturdy as the old ones were) and in one
>> case they took off the handle while inside and we never found where it
>> went.  That trap has to be carried by my wife and myself both when it gets
>> a raccoon.  Most often the raccoons are afraid and remain quiet till
>> release (very far away--best to go 15 or more miles as they are supposedly
>> good at finding their way back) but occasionally we get an aggressive one
>> that hisses and carries on.  Those can be quite scary at times.  Grace
>> breaks down any large cardboard boxes we get to make flat pieces of
>> cardboard to put in the back of my car as they are needed.  Why?  Because
>> the disgusting raccoons tend to crap and otherwise make a mess of the
>> bottom of their cage and this prevents getting the back of the car dirty.
>> We keep several layers of cardboard in there at all times, so we can throw
>> away dirty pieces as needed.  Transporting them is not fun either, they
>> stink and windows need to be kept open.  I don't know how to set up an
>> electric fence, especially around a pool with brick patio on one side and a
>> cement walk on the other.  For the root problems, we have recently started
>> taking the bird mesh and tying rocks to it, placing it over any roots
>> floating on the surface, and sinking it to trap the roots and bring them
>> back down.  We  are hoping that the mesh will confuse future raccoon
>> efforts to dig up waterlily roots and rhizomes. This year the chipmunks
>> decimated the crocus more so than usual.  This in spite of frequent
>> trapping and removal.  For some reason their population was extremely high
>> this spring but it seems to be coming down a bit lately.   If it werent for
>> certain mammals, gardening would be a hell of a lot easier....Ernie
>> DeMarieZ6/7 border NY where Alstroemeria aurea is making quite a show and
>> is self seeding a bit.  Buds on some agapanthus, lilies beginning to open
>> with more to come, earlier season hemerocallis blooming nicely, and some
>> dierama still in flower.  Weather has been oddly dry and sunny for weeks
>> but rain is coming today.  Overall this kind of weather is very good for
>> most of what I grow.
>> 
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> pbs mailing list
>> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
>> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> pbs mailing list
>> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
>> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
>> _______________________________________________
>> pbs mailing list
>> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
>> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
>> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 13
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 21:50:39 +0100
> From: David Pilling <david@davidpilling.com>
> To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Ditch the plants and take up this hobby!
> Message-ID: <b77609b0-2e1f-dbe9-aaa9-68845a473847@davidpilling.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed
> 
> Hi,
> 
> On 27/06/2020 20:55, Jim McKenney via pbs wrote:
>> https://youtu.be/ov6n_FXXg_g/
> 
> I was worried this was a hacker post. It is actually to a You Tube video 
> called "2020 06 12 Ten Raccoons".
> 
> 
> 
> -- 
> David Pilling
> http://www.davidpilling.com/
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 14
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 14:15:49 -0700
> From: "Robin Hansen" <robin@hansennursery.com>
> To: "'Pacific Bulb Society'" <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Ditch the plants and take up this hobby!
> Message-ID: <005501d64cc8$22407c70$66c17550$@hansennursery.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain;	charset="us-ascii"
> 
> Per our webmaster David Pilling, Jim's email was legit, but please, in the
> future, tell us what the link is clearly so we don't create problems for
> David.
> 
> Thank you,
> 
> Robin Hansen
> President, PBS
> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 15
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 17:50:34 -0400
> From: "Carlo A. Balistrieri" <carlobal@gmail.com>
> To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Posting pictures
> Message-ID: <72A21F38-E6F3-486B-8801-F2BC21F6FE1C@gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain;	charset=utf-8
> 
> AND this is what some of us, Tony and I included, get (instead of your picture):
> 
> -------------- next part --------------
> A non-text attachment was scrubbed...
> Name: image0.jpeg
> Type: image/jpeg
> Size: 148159 bytes
> Desc: not available
> URL: <http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/pipermail/pbs/…>
> -------------- next part
> 
> Yes. We can ultimately get to the photo, but it?s inconvenient, especially when it it happens over and over. I?m more likely to skip it than to actually take a peek.
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 16
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 21:57:52 +0000 (UTC)
> From: Arnold Trachtenberg <arnold140@verizon.net>
> To: "pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net"
> 	<pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Ditch the plants and take up this hobby!
> Message-ID: <328295301.4697047.1593295072604@mail.yahoo.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
> 
> He's actually doing raccoon control with junk food.
> Twinkles and marshmallows.
> They'll be dead in no time.
> 
> 
> Arnold
> 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jim McKenney via pbs <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> To: pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Cc: Jim McKenney <jamesamckenney@verizon.net>
> Sent: Sat, Jun 27, 2020 3:55 pm
> Subject: [pbs] Ditch the plants and take up this hobby!
> 
> https://youtu.be/ov6n_FXXg_g/
> Sent from Mail for Windows 10
> 
> _______________________________________________
> pbs mailing list
> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 17
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 14:59:23 -0700
> From: Paul Machado <farmerguys08@gmail.com>
> To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Posting pictures
> Message-ID:
> 	<CAG8=qqyiFwPwgPKWo=4mrz_v5O9duhLJ=16ZU+OTSoOhsKoB-g@mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
> 
> Hi Carlo and others,
> When I click on the URL that was copied I got Uli's Lilium picture without
> any issues!
> BTW, beautiful picture of a longiflorum hybrid Uli.
> All the best,
> Paul
> 
> On Sat, Jun 27, 2020 at 2:50 PM Carlo A. Balistrieri via pbs <
> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net> wrote:
> 
>> AND this is what some of us, Tony and I included, get (instead of your
>> picture):
>> 
>> -------------- next part --------------
>> A non-text attachment was scrubbed...
>> Name: image0.jpeg
>> Type: image/jpeg
>> Size: 148159 bytes
>> Desc: not available
>> URL: <
>> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/pipermail/pbs/…
>>> 
>> -------------- next part
>> 
>> Yes. We can ultimately get to the photo, but it?s inconvenient, especially
>> when it it happens over and over. I?m more likely to skip it than to
>> actually take a peek.
>> _______________________________________________
>> pbs mailing list
>> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
>> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
>> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 18
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 22:19:51 +0000 (UTC)
> From: Jim McKenney <jamesamckenney@verizon.net>
> To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Subject: [pbs] Lilum 'White Triumphator' was Re:  Posting pictures
> Message-ID: <667332855.3326730.1593296391552@mail.yahoo.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
> 
> Uli's picture is not of a simple, old-fashioned longiflorum hybrid, it's a modern longiflorum x oriental hybrid. In a properly run lily show, it and longiflorum cultivars would appear in different categories.?Thanks Uli, that's a stunning plant.?Jim McKenney
> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 19
> Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2020 22:40:28 +0000 (UTC)
> From: pelarg@aol.com
> To: "pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net"
> 	<pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Racoons
> Message-ID: <271245130.221324.1593297628751@mail.yahoo.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
> 
> Hi Mark,Thanks for the information but I can't afford the professionals. I have a friend who does it for cheaper than the licensed folks and he is not cheap at all.? I am noting the donning full protective gear you mention as that is a very good idea and in these days of covid we have plenty of that on hand anyway. I have worm gloves at all times but will do masks too.??I do release them in forested areas in parks for wildlife rather than near other peoples properties as I know they are not beloved animals for many of us. I know the survival chances of any relocated animal are low but if killed they are never above zero. If I can find another way to deter them I will, maybe I can figure out an electric something to keep them out of the pool, would be easier on me and them.? They dont seem to bother the garbage like normal raccoons though....Ernie
> 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Mark Mazer via pbs <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
> Cc: Mark Mazer <markemazer@gmail.com>
> Sent: Sat, Jun 27, 2020 4:01 pm
> Subject: Re: [pbs] Racoons
> 
> Ernie...
> "I do know that but I'm not about to shoot them"
> I get it. Then hire a professional instead of being above the law. The
> survival rate for relocated raccoons is abysmally low and you are simply
> making your problem
> another person's burden. BTW... transporting a raccoon in your car is
> insane. Some 70% of the adults and 90% of juveniles carry various
> roundworms in their feces.
> Daughter is a pathobiologist and they would don full PPE when handling
> raccoons in UConns lab back in the day.
> 
> ,
> 
> Mark Mazer
> Hertford NC
> 
> On Sat, Jun 27, 2020 at 3:20 PM Ernie DeMarie via pbs <
> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net> wrote:
> 
>> Hi Robert,I like your ideas about enhancing trap efficiency and will try
>> them out!? I do put bait in the back but didnt think of the concrete block
>> idea nor of putting a rock on the trap door to enhance closing. I already
>> only leave one door open and I have put large rocks on the trap itself at
>> both ends as I suspected the raccoons were somehow able to lift the latch
>> on either side so they could push out of the trap doors.? Clever creatures
>> indeed.AFAIK we can't use guns of any kind in this county of NY let alone
>> town, so euthanizing would be problematic. Ernie
>> 
>> 
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Robert Lauf via pbs <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
>> To: Ernie DeMarie via pbs <pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net>
>> Cc: Robert Lauf <boblauf@att.net>
>> Sent: Sat, Jun 27, 2020 11:07 am
>> Subject: Re: [pbs] Racoons
>> 
>> ? Here in TN, the laws are much more reasonable.? Raccoons are a nuisance
>> animal and can be trapped by a property owner with no hunting license or
>> permit of any kind.? Once trapped, TWRA says to euthanize, preferably by
>> shooting (I use a very high-power pellet gun as I live in the city).? If
>> you trap something by mistake, you must release it ON YOUR PROPERTY; moving
>> wild animals, particularly over large distances, is how rabies gets passed
>> around.? At least in TN, rabid raccoons have not yet been found in all
>> counties, so they are particularly worried about moving them.? Skunks are
>> less of an issue because rabid skunks are found everywhere, but here moving
>> them is illegal anyway.
>> I have a traditional havahart and found that I need to put a heavy rock on
>> the trap door so it crashes closed forcefully enough that it is secured.? I
>> only use one of the two doors so I can put the bait at the far end, well
>> beyond the trip.? I also put concrete blocks on both sides so they can't
>> reach in and steal the bait.? It's a ticklish operation to put the rock on
>> and then carefully adjust the linkage so it doesn't trip by itself.
>> I agree that marshmallows are the bait of choice.
>> Bob LaufOak Ridge, Zone 7
>> ? ? On Saturday, June 27, 2020, 10:26:41 AM EDT, Ernie DeMarie via pbs <
>> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net> wrote:
>> 
>> ? Raccoons are a real menace here as they get into the pool and eat fish.
>> But of course the thing that really ticks me off is that they chew up
>> waterlily flowers and go dig up the rhizomes so roots end up floating on
>> the surface. So they must be trapped and removed but the havahart traps are
>> not consistent in trapping them, either they have some clever way to get
>> the bait (marshmallows and or peanut butter work well) or they perhaps dont
>> scoot end all the way and are able to back out.? We've also had them bend
>> traps (their newer traps are not as sturdy as the old ones were) and in one
>> case they took off the handle while inside and we never found where it
>> went.? That trap has to be carried by my wife and myself both when it gets
>> a raccoon.? Most often the raccoons are afraid and remain quiet till
>> release (very far away--best to go 15 or more miles as they are supposedly
>> good at finding their way back) but occasionally we get an aggressive one
>> that hisses and carries on.? Those can be quite scary at times.? Grace
>> breaks down any large cardboard boxes we get to make flat pieces of
>> cardboard to put in the back of my car as they are needed.? Why?? Because
>> the disgusting raccoons tend to crap and otherwise make a mess of the
>> bottom of their cage and this prevents getting the back of the car dirty.
>> We keep several layers of cardboard in there at all times, so we can throw
>> away dirty pieces as needed.? Transporting them is not fun either, they
>> stink and windows need to be kept open.? I don't know how to set up an
>> electric fence, especially around a pool with brick patio on one side and a
>> cement walk on the other.? For the root problems, we have recently started
>> taking the bird mesh and tying rocks to it, placing it over any roots
>> floating on the surface, and sinking it to trap the roots and bring them
>> back down.? We? are hoping that the mesh will confuse future raccoon
>> efforts to dig up waterlily roots and rhizomes. This year the chipmunks
>> decimated the crocus more so than usual.? This in spite of frequent
>> trapping and removal.? For some reason their population was extremely high
>> this spring but it seems to be coming down a bit lately.? If it werent for
>> certain mammals, gardening would be a hell of a lot easier....Ernie
>> DeMarieZ6/7 border NY where Alstroemeria aurea is making quite a show and
>> is self seeding a bit.? Buds on some agapanthus, lilies beginning to open
>> with more to come, earlier season hemerocallis blooming nicely, and some
>> dierama still in flower.? Weather has been oddly dry and sunny for weeks
>> but rain is coming today.? Overall this kind of weather is very good for
>> most of what I grow.
>> 
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> pbs mailing list
>> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
>> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> pbs mailing list
>> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
>> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
>> _______________________________________________
>> pbs mailing list
>> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
>> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
>> 
> _______________________________________________
> pbs mailing list
> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Subject: Digest Footer
> 
> _______________________________________________
> pbs mailing list
> pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net
> http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> End of pbs Digest, Vol 40, Issue 24
> ***********************************

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