This PBS wiki page features Crocus species K-O that bloom in the fall.
Crocus kotschyanus (formerly known as Crocus zonatus) is a somewhat weedy species usually flowering in October. It has a bad reputation not only because it is a rampant self-seeder, but also because many forms have flowers that are woefully undersized. There is a form in commerce that appears to be badly infected with a virus, as the flowers are not just small, but seriously deformed.
A good form of Crocus kotschyanus with flowers of reasonable size is worth having, however. In some lights the flower color approaches a delicate pink, and one can forgive a self-seeder of such beauty. The plants depicted are descendants of a feral colony in Victoria, British Columbia, with flowers not much smaller than those of Crocus speciosus. Photo by Rodger Whitlock.
Crocus kotschyanus ssp. kotschyanus 'Reliant' This species is native to Turkey to Lebanon, and it is an easily grown, particularly in this named selection. It is usually the first to flower in my garden, opening flowers in late September or early October. The flowers are pale lilac that reveal beautiful detail when peering into the open chalices; a bright undulating ring of gold at the center and a fine tracery of darker lilac veining. The first two photos are side views, the third photo is an overhead bee's-eye view. Photos by Mark McDonough taken October 2, 2005.
Crocus laevigatus from Greece flowers with the leaves present in late fall, sometimes early winter. It has white to lilac-violet flowers with a deep yellow zone.
The variety 'Fontenayi' pictured below and photographed by Mary Sue Ittner December 2004 is fragrant, striped and feathered purple on the outside. It has white anthers and an orange stigma divided into many branches.
Photos below by Arnold Trachtenberg and Steve Burger (2006) who writes: "These crocus are grown terrestrially (not potted) in Atlanta, Ga USDA 7b. This is their 3rd year at this location."
Crocus mathewii is native to a few sites in Turkey and was recently discovered and described. Unfortunately, it has been reported that collectors then visited the type site and dug most of the population. The species is established in cultivation, however, seed having been distributed from the initial collections. The plants shown were grown from seed produced in Michael Kammerlander's collection in Germany and sent by him to David Hale, who kindly passed the seed on to Jane McGary. The seed was sown in winter 2001 and here is the first flowering of 3 corms (October 2004), grown in a bulb frame not dried out totally in summer. The striking coloration shown here is what made this species famous, but it is reported that not all individuals have such a strong violet central zone. Leaves are well emerged at flowering. Photo labeled JMW1 was taken in the wild in Turkey, November 2006, of a typical plant growing in short turf around a herding family's summer camp, the sheep having left by that time so the crocuses (C. cancellatus also present) survived. Photo labeled mathewii x pallasii was taken a few days later on the slope of Tahtali Dag, Turkey, in a small clearing in scrub (goats present, crocuses threatened) where the crocuses in flower included typical C. mathewii, C. pallasii, and C. cancellatus; its color and shape suggest a hybrid, and some authorities think C. mathewii probably should be included in C. pallasii at some taxonomic level. Photos by Jane McGary
Crocus medius is native to France and Italy where it grows in grassy places and woods and blooms in the fall. It is purple with yellow stamens and an orange or reddish divided stigma and flowers before the leaves emerge. The photo below is of a seemingly virus free form grown by John Lonsdale, Jane McGary and others perhaps - Photographed by Tony Goode.
The widely distributed virused form - Photographed by Tony Goode (at a nursery named in a recent posting)
Crocus moabiticus, native to the Moab region of northern Jordan, is one of the rarest crocuses in nature and cultivation. It is a member of the Crocus section of the genus, or saffron crocuses. These plants, representing several clones, were grown from seed collected by Michael Salmon in the early 1990s under number SBL171. They flower in this bulb frame in northwestern Oregon in late October to early November and are hand pollinated to obtain seed most years. Leaves are barely visible at flowering but develop soon afterwards. Photo by Jane McGary
Crocus niveus is an autumn flowering Crocus with one of the largest white or lilac flowers with a yellow throat, yellow stamens and red styles. It is from Greece, often found in olive groves and the leaves appear with the flowers. - Photos by Arnold Trachtenberg and Mark McDonough. The last two show two aspects of this species growing in the garden. This is among the very best autumn crocus, with a long succession of large white or lilac-tinged goblets. It's very hardy and is among the first autumn crocus to bloom and among the last to end the season.
The photos below from Mary Sue Ittner and Bob Rutemoeller are ones growing in Northern California. The first shows a very large, tall flower opening and the second two flowers in bloom. The last two show bees pollinating the flowers.
Crocus nudiflorus from France and Spain where it is found in moist meadows is an autumn bloomer with long tubed purple flowers that appear before the leaves. Spreading by stolons, it has naturalized in the UK. Raised from seed collected in the Pyrenees, photographed by Tony Goode
Crocus ochroleucus is native to Syria, Lebanon, and Israel, mostly in rocky hills. Despite its origin it is quite cold-hardy, surviving 0 degrees Fahrenheit in the open garden here. It flowers in November and December with the leaves, opening repeatedly whenever the weather permits over a long period. This is a small crocus. Its corms tend to pull down very deeply in the soil, probably contributing to its hardiness and ability to evade rodent predation. The plant pictured was purchased about 18 years ago as Dutch commercial stock. Photo by Jane McGary of the front and by Mary Sue Ittner of the back.
Crocus oreocreticus is in the C. sativus complex and has the long red style-branches. It is from the mountains of Crete. Photos by Mary Sue Ittner of the front and back of flowers obtained from Jane McGary blooming October 2005. I'd call them light purple, almost silver.
General information about this genus and about species that bloom at other times of the year is found in the PBS wiki Crocus page
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