Fritillaria

Fritillaria is a genus in the Liliaceae family distributed throughout Europe and North Africa (especially around the Mediterranean), temperate Asia and North America. Most of them have pendent flowers but many of these are not brilliantly colored although they may have attractive markings. Some of the species have a "foxy" odor.

The name of the genus is said to come from the latin fritillus or dice box. Many of the species have spotted or checked flowers. Fritillary or fritillaries is also a common name for butterflies in the family Nymphalidae, again deriving from their patterned wings. John Gerarde, page 123, in his book The Herball, or Generall Historie of Plantes published in 1597, says the name may derive from the tables at which chess or dice was played frittillo.

Fritillarias are among the easiest and most reliable genera from seed. Generally the seeds should be sown in fall or early winter, watered, and kept outdoors in the cold they germinate the following spring. If they are not sown until after Christmas it becomes increasingly likely that they will wait until spring year (Jack Elliott). Jane McGary noted that F. camschatcensis, F. meleagris, and perhaps East Asian wet growing species have very short viability. These seeds should be sown right away. California Fritillaria need about four months of cold/cool weather to germinate well. The seeds have been stored for three years and germination was good when allowed a sufficiently long germination period of at least four months (Diana Chapman). See also Fritillaria Germination.

Jane McGary who has tremendous experience in growing this genus formerly grew her plants in a bulb frame where they were protected in the winter, sometimes even when temperature reached 20 °F (-6 °C). They were in clay pots plunged to the rim in coarse sand. They are now in raised beds in a roofed bulb house with wire mesh walls. During growth, the plants are given full sun (in the Oregon winter) and fertilized once in the fall and three times during the winter-spring growing season with a "root and bloom" formula. During the summer dormancy period one bed receives a little water and the other, none. John Lonsdale suggests a porous alpine type (1:1 organic:inorganic) mix for growing these plants.

More Fritillaria photos can be viewed from the Fritillaria Group of the Alpine Garden Society. Fritillaria Icones is a photographic botanical database of the genus.


For more photos and information about the species select the appropriate wiki page:

or click on the name in the table below:


Fritillaria
Fritillaria acmopetala, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
acmopetala
Fritillaria affinis, Mary Sue Ittner [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
affinis
Fritillaria agrestis, Mary Gerritsen [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
agrestis
Fritillaria alburyana, Cedrik Haskovec [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
alburyana
Fritillaria amana, syn. Fritillaria hermonis ssp. amana, Arnold Trachtenberg [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
amana
Fritillaria alfredae ssp. glaucoviridis, Jane McGary [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
alfredae ssp. glaucoviridis
Fritillaria ariana, Jane McGary [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
ariana
Fritillaria armena, Paige Woodward [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
armena
Fritillaria atropurpurea, Lakes Basin, Mary Sue Ittner [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
atropurpurea
Fritillaria aurea, Arnold Trachtenberg [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
aurea
Fritillaria biflora, Mary Sue Ittner [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
biflora
Fritillaria bithynica, Mary Sue Ittner [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
bithynica
Fritillaria brandegei, Laurence Hill [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
brandegeei
Fritillaria bucharica, Paige Woodward [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
bucharica
Fritillaria burnatii, Ian Young [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
*burnatii
Fritillaria camschatcensis, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
camschatcensis
Fritillaria carica, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
carica
Fritillaria caucasica, Paige Woodward [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
caucasica
Fritillaria chitralensis, Jane McGary [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
chitralensis
Fritillaria collina, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
collina
Fritillaria conica, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
conica
Fritillaria crassifolia, Arnold Trachtenberg [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
crassifolia
Fritillaria davidii, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
davidii
Fritillaria davisii, Mary Sue Ittner [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
davisii
Fritillaria eastwoodiae, Dirk Wallace [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
eastwoodiae
Fritillaria eduardii, Jane McGary [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
eduardii
Fritillaria ehrhartii, Jane McGary [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
ehrhartii
Fritillaria elwesii, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
elwesii
Fritillaria euboeica, Jane McGary [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
euboeica
Fritillaria falcata, Mary Gerritsen [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
falcata
Fritillaria forbesii, Jane McGary [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
forbesii
Fritillaria gentneri, lcwimmer1, iNaturalist, CC BY-NC [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
gentneri
Fritillaria gibbosa, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
gibbosa
Fritillaria glauca, Elaine Allison [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
glauca
Fritillaria graeca, Stavros Apostolou, iNaturalist, CC BY-NC [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
graeca
Fritillaria gussichiae, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
gussichiae
Fritillaria amana, syn. Fritillaria hermonis ssp. amana, Arnold Trachtenberg [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
*hermonis ssp. amana
Fritillaria imperialis, Jamie Vande [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
imperialis
Fritillaria japonica, Japan, Honshu, Okayama Pref. near Mimasaka, 25 March 2010, Laurence Hill [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
japonica
Fritillaria karelinii, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
karelinii
Fritillaria koidzumiana, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
koidzumiana
Fritillaria kotschyana, Jane McGary [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
kotschyana
Fritillaria kurdica, syn. Fritillaria crassifolia ssp. kurdica, Mark McDonough [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
kurdica
Fritillaria latakiensis, Mary Sue Ittner [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
latakiensis
Fritillaria latifolia, Jane McGary [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
latifolia
Fritillaria liliacea, Mary Sue Ittner [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
liliacea
Fritillaria meleagris, Arnold Trachtenberg [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
meleagris
Fritillaria meleagroides, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
meleagroides
Fritillaria messanensis, Mary Sue Ittner [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
messanensis
Fritillaria michailovskyi, Arnold Trachtenberg [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
michailovskyi
Fritillaria minuta, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
minuta
Fritillaria montana, Ian Young [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
montana
Fritillaria obliqua, Jane McGary [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
obliqua
Fritillaria ojaiensis, Tilden Botanic Garden, Nhu Nguyen

ojaiensis

Fritillaria olivieri, Ian Young [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
olivieri
Fritillaria tenella (orientalis), Ian Young [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
orientalis
Fritillaria pallidiflora, Arnold Trachtenberg [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
pallidiflora
Fritillaria persica, Jane McGary [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
persica
Fritillaria pinardii, Ian Young [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
pinardii
Fritillaria pluriflora, Bob Werra [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
pluriflora
Fritillaria pontica, Mary Sue Ittner [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
pontica
Fritillaria pudica, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
pudica
Fritillaria purdyi, Mary Gerritsen [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
purdyi
Fritillaria pyrenaica, robust form, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
pyrenaica
Fritillaria raddeana, Strybing Arboretum, Nhu Nguyen [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
raddeana
Fritillaria recurva, Mary Sue Ittner [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
recurva
Fritillaria reuteri, Ian Young [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
reuteri
Fritillaria rhodia, Oron Peri [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
rhodia
Fritillaria rhodocanakis, Bill Dijk [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
rhodocanakis
Fritillaria rixii, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
rixii
Fritillaria roderickii, Bob Rutemoeller [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
*roderickii
Fritillaria serpenticola, syn. Fritillaria carica ssp. serpenticola, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
serpenticola
Fritillaria sewerzowii, Paige Woodward [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
sewerzowii
Fritillaria sibthorpiana, Jane McGary [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
sibthorpiana
Fritillaria stenanthera, Jane McGary [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
stenanthera
Fritillaria striata, Bob Werra [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
striata
Fritillaria thunbergii, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
thunbergii
Fritillaria tortifolia, Jane McGary [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
tortifolia
Fritillaria tubiformis, Jane McGary [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
tubiformis
Fritillaria tuntasia, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
tuntasia
Fritillaria uva-vulpis, Jamie Vande [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
uva-vulpis
Fritillaria verticillata, Paige Woodward [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
verticillata
Fritillaria viridea, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
viridea
Fritillaria wabuensis, Mark McDonough [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
wabuensis
Fritillaria walujewii, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
walujewii
Fritillaria wenedlboi, syn. Fritillaria acmopetala ssp. wendelboi, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
wendelboi
Fritillaria whittallii, Michael J. Campbell [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
whittallii
Fritillaria yuminensis, Ian Young [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
yuminensis
Fritillaria zagrica, John Lonsdale [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
zagrica
Fritillaria sp., Mark McDonough [Shift+click to enlarge, Click to go to wiki entry]
?
* = synonym

Asian Fritillaria a-c - Asian Fritillaria d-k - Asian Fritillaria l-r - Asian Fritillaria s-z - European Fritillaria a-o - European Fritillaria p-z - North American Fritillaria a-l - North American Fritillaria m-z - Miscellaneous Fritillaria


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