Southern African Gladiolus Seven

There are about 163 species of Gladiolus (with new ones being discovered) in the area south of the Tropic of Capricorn and including Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, and Mozambique. Some are found in winter rainfall areas and some in summer rainfall areas. For more information see Goldblatt and Manning, 1998. Southern African species from Pe-Sc are pictured on this page.


Gladiolus index - Southern African gladiolus A-B - Southern African gladiolus Ca - Southern African gladiolus Ce-E -- Southern African gladiolus F-H - Southern African gladiolus I-Me - Southern African gladiolus Mi-Pa - Southern African gladiolus Se-T - Southern African gladiolus U-Z - Gladiolus Hybrids - Miscellaneous gladiolus


Gladiolus permeabilis grows on shale slopes in renosterveld from Caledon east through southern Africa and to Zimbabwe. In the Cape province it blooms late winter into spring. It has mauve to dull purple or cream flowers with yellowish makings and is usually intensely fragrant. The first photo was taken by Cameron McMaster in the Overberg and the second by Bob Rutemoeller in the Bontebok Park.

Gladiolus permeabilis, Cameron McMaster Gladiolus permeabilis, Bontebok, Bob Rutemoeller

Gladiolus permeabilis ssp. edulis , syn. Gladiolus edulis is widespread across the summer-rainfall zone and is common in the drier areas. This subspecies has whitish to cream, sometimes grey or mauve flowers. All of the tepals except for the dorsal have a grey to purple or maroon midline sometimes surrounded by a yellow streak. The lower lateral tepals are yellow in the upper half. Tepals have an elongated and tapering tip or tail-like twisted and undulate appendages. Photos taken by Cameron McMaster in three locations in the Eastern Cape, January and February 2008.

Gladiolus permeabilis ssp. edulis, Cameron McMaster Gladiolus permeabilis ssp. edulis, Cameron McMasterGladiolus permeabilis ssp. edulis, Cameron McMasterGladiolus permeabilis ssp. edulis, Rhodes, Cameron McMaster

Gladiolus phoenix is a rare local endemic restricted to moist backs and ravines in the Bain’s Kloof Mountains. This plant appears to need fire to stimulate bloom. Flowers are pink with a white spear shaped mark outlined in deep pink on the lower three tepals. Photo by Alan Horstmann.

Gladiolus phoenix, Alan Horstmann

Gladiolus priorii (syn. Homoglossum priorii) is a fall blooming species found on sandstone and granite slopes in the southwest Cape. It is relatively easy to grow in captivity, and has one to four tubular red flowers with yellow throats. They droop slightly, making it hard to see the centers unless you crouch down. This one is growing in the ground in northern California and has bloomed the last two years in November. The first photo below was taken by Bob Rutemoeller and the second in the summer hemisphere by Bill Dijk. The third was taken by Cameron McMaster, and the fourth by Michael Mace.

Gladiolus priorii, Bob Rutemoeller Gladiolus priorii, Bill Dijk Gladiolus priorii, Cameron McMasterGladiolus priorii, Michael Mace

Gladiolus pritzelii is found on rocky sandstone slopes in the northwest Cape. It has bell-like yellow fowers with red to brown transverse markings on the lower tepals. The first photo was taken by Cameron McMaster on Ouberg Road in the Roggeveld , the second by Rod Saunders from Silverhill Seeds, and the third from Alan Horstmann.

Gladiolus pritzelii, Cameron McMaster Gladiolus pritzelii, Rod Saunders Gladiolus pritzelii, Alan Horstmann

Gladiolus pubigerus is widespread in eastern southern Africa. It has pale lemon yellow flowers tinged with green and blooms in spring. Photos taken by Cameron McMaster.

Gladiolus pubigerus, Cameron McMaster Gladiolus pubigerus, Cameron McMaster

Gladiolus pulcherrimus has very striking orange to salmon flowers that are similar to Gladiolus alatus but is distinguished by broad sword shaped leaves that lack prominent veins. It grow in the northwest Cape on sandstone slopes. This one, grown by Gordon Summerfield in South Africa, was blooming September 2003. Photos by Bob Rutemoeller and Alan Horstmann.

Gladiolus pulcherrimus, Bob Rutemoeller Gladiolus pulcherrimus, Alan Horstmann

Gladiolus quadrangularis (syn. Homoglossum quadrangulare) is found on rocky sandstone slopes in the Northwest Cape. It has 4 to 10 red to orange flowers and blooms late winter into spring. The color of my seed grown plants is a little unusual so perhaps they are hybrids. Photos by Mary Sue Ittner of plants that bloomed in Northern California March 2004 and 2007

Gladiolus quadrangularis, Mary Sue Ittner Gladiolus quadrangularis, Mary Sue Ittner Gladiolus quadrangularis, Mary Sue Ittner

Gladiolus quadrangulus is found in the southwestern Cape in sandy soil in seasonally wet, poorly drained and sometimes brackish habitat. It has pale pink, mauve or white flowers. The tepals have darker veins. It blooms late winter into spring. Photo by Alan Horstmann.

Gladiolus quadrangulus, Alan Horstmann

Gladiolus recurvus Photos taken by Cameron McMaster in the Overberg. Gladiolus recurvus occurs in shale derived soils from Ceres to Bredasdorp and flowers from June to October depending on the elevation. Flowers are pale gray to cream, yellowish or pinkish with purple lines and dots on the lower tepals and sometimes spotted or lined in the midline on the upper tepals as well. Flowers are fragrant.

Gladiolus recurvus, Cameron McMaster Gladiolus recurvus, Napier, Cameron McMaster

Gladiolus rogersii has blue to purple flowers with yellow or white transverse markings on the lower tepals. It is found on sandstone and limestone slopes in winter and year round rainfall areas and blooms in spring. This one was seen growing on a slope east of Swellendam. Most of the flowers had been eaten by an insect. Photos by Mary Sue Ittner and Alan Horstmann.

Gladiolus rogersii, Mary Sue Ittner Gladiolus rogersii, Alan Horstmann Gladiolus rogersii, Alan Horstmann

Gladiolus rudis grows on sandstone slopes in fynbos in the southwestern Cape and blooms in spring. It has 2 to 5 cream to pale pink flowers on a spike. The lower tepals have spear-shaped markings and the perianth tube is funnel shaped. The first three photos taken by Cameron McMaster near Caledon and Fairfield in the Overberg and the last taken by Alan Horstmann.

Gladiolus rudis, Caledon, Cameron McMaster Gladiolus rudis, Fairfield, Cameron McMaster Gladiolus rudis, Fairfield, Cameron McMaster Gladiolus rudis, Alan Horstmann

Gladiolus saccatus Formerly known as Anomalesia saccata or Antholyza saccata this plant extends from the western Cape of South Africa into Namibia. It is found in both summer and winter rainfall areas. It has bright red flowers and is pollinated by birds. This one was growing alongside the road in Namaqualand. Photo August 2001 by Mary Sue Ittner

Gladiolus saccatus, Mary Sue Ittner

Gladiolus saundersii is native to the southern and central Drakensberg and grows on rocky outcrops, scree slopes and other exposed habitats in dry spots that are seasonally wet. It has bright red flowers that face sideways or are drooping. The lower three tepals are speckled in the lower half with red on a white field. This species is pollinated by butterflies. Photos taken in the Eastern Cape February 2008 by Cameron McMaster.

Gladiolus saundersii,  Cameron McMaster Gladiolus saundersii,  Cameron McMaster Gladiolus saundersii,  Cameron McMaster

Gladiolus scullyi is found on silty clay and granite slopes in the northern winter rainfall areas (Namaqualand and western Karoo), It is very similar to Gladiolus venustus but with dull yellow to light brown flowers with darker yellow on the lower tepals and darker brown to purplish highlights. It is fragrant and windowed in profiled. Photos taken by Bob Rutemoeller September 2006 near Nieuwoudtville and in Namaqualand. The last picture was taken by Bob Werra.

Gladiolus scullyi, Bob Rutemoeller Gladiolus scullyi, Bob Rutemoeller Gladiolus scullyi, Bob Rutemoeller Gladiolus scullyi, Bob Rutemoeller Gladiolus scullyi, Bob Werra

Gladiolus index - Southern African gladiolus A-B - Southern African gladiolus Ca - Southern African gladiolus Ce-E -- Southern African gladiolus F-H - Southern African gladiolus I-Me - Southern African gladiolus Mi-Pa - Southern African gladiolus Se-T - Southern African gladiolus U-Z - Gladiolus Hybrids - Miscellaneous gladiolus


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